The American Dream Essay - 1324 Words

The American Dream â€Å"If you haven’t experienced change, you haven’t experienced anything† My life changed a lot the day I set foot on the, land of honey, the United States of America, last March of 2015. To be able to experience the sudden â€Å"switch† in my life from my homeland, the Philippines to America, is quite a lot to take from the beginning. I mean what’s not hard to do when you’re doing it for the first time, right? There are a lot of points of comparison between living in the Philippines and America. Although there are some similarities, my country is a whole lot different from America in a lot of aspects. First, the soothing weather seems to welcome you as soon as you land at the Los Angeles International Airport. While most Americans think California has a hot weather, I am telling you right now. It is way hotter in the Philippines, not to mention the â€Å"sticky† feeling on your skin as you sweat all over because of the heat of the sun. I even used to bring with me, would you believe, a personal handy electric fan just to feel a little comfort! Secondly, the infrastructures of America are far more modern when it comes to the architectural style and design of the buildings which in my opinion, are really exquisite. Regarding these, I can say that the Philippines, I’m not going to lie, is the polar opposite. There’s only a number of cities which has a modern style of facades and other than that, it’s all provinces. For example, the main airport in the Philippines,Show MoreRelatedImmigrants And The American Dream1362 Words   |  6 PagesImmigrants and the American Dream In the article â€Å"The American Dream†, by James Truslow Adams in The Sundance Reader book, he stated that the American dream is that dream of a land in which life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement. 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Many great films and works of literature were created to show case all the different ideas people have for their American Dream. The film â€Å"Grapes of Wrath† directed by John Ford and the poem â€Å"I Will Fight No More Forever† by Chief Joseph, both depictRead More Destruction of the American Dream Essay2145 Words   |  9 PagesDestruction of the American Dream I’ve talked about it in the past, the destruction of the American Dream. Always, there have been papers, writings, and thoughts that quantify a particular section of its ultimate demise, be it due to money, education, or sexuality. Maybe the destruction cannot be viewed as a singular event or cause. Perhaps instead it must be examined as a whole process, the decay and ultimate elimination of a dream. 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The show obtains successful Entrepreneurs ready to invest their own money into other Americans wanting to be just like them, reaching the American dream and become a successful entrepreneur. The show presents entrepreneurs working towards the goal of creating a business to not only gain wealth but also change the way we live today. The show is to keep the American dream alive and well while

Literary Analysis Of The Ideology And Reality Of Equality

Literary Analysis of the Ideology and reality of equality in the works of Langston Hughes Langston Hughes was an African American writer and poet. Langston Hughes wrote about what it was like living as a Negro, as a black man, as any person of color in America. He wanted to portray the dignity, soulfulness, and resilience of his people. In his writings, he tends to believe that people aren’t wholly good and they are not wholly evil or bad either. He writes with such a conviction and an almost childlike faith in humanity. In his poems: I, Too, Theme for English b, and Let America be America Again, he writes of such things as the dream of equality and the hope that he has that America, that â€Å"white† America, will one day see and feel ashamed of the atrocities committed over the color of one’s skin. Writing in a time of racial segregation where African Americans were forced to do everything separately from their white counterparts; he writes of the duality of ones’ own identity, the common fact that he is an American and a Negro, and how one identity can solely define how one should be regarded in society. During the Harlem Renaissance was when he was one of the only African American poets and writers making a living on his work. The Harlem Renaissance was a period in American history that lasted over a decade. It was a time when the term New Negro went from social disappointment to racial pride. It was considered an artistic, literary and intellectual movement thatShow MoreRelatedChris Pawling2932 Words   |  12 PagesIntroduction: Popular Fition: Ideology or Utopia? 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Papa John’s Free Essays

Papa John’s Pizza Analysis Executive Summary These recommendations will enable Papa John’s to increase their market share and grow their customer base. These recommendations are based upon in-depth analysis of the company’s dominant economic forces, macro-environment, The detailed findings, resulting from this analysis, are contained in the appendix that follows the recommendations. The appendix is comprised of seven exhibits, and these exhibits are referenced in the recommendations. We will write a custom essay sample on Papa John’s or any similar topic only for you Order Now This recommendation includes introducing global topping preferences across different nations, entering the frozen pizza market and allowing premade Papa John’s pizza to be sold in stores, and opening dine-in restaurants. Papa John’s can capitalize on these new growth and improvement opportunities, to increase their revenues, efficiencies, and customer base. Recommendation Papa John’s is the world’s third largest pizza chain, trailing Pizza Hut and Dominos. (Exhibit 4, pg. 1) Although Papa John’s has established a notable amount of success in the industry, to have only existed for a shorter period of time than its rivals, there are existing opportunities that would help Papa John’s to gain competitive advantage and build on its core competencies. Currently Papa John’s is known for its commitment of quality ingredient and quality pizza. (Exhibit 6, pg. 13) Because Papa John’s has a base of customers that already trust the company to deliver great value, this gives Papa an advantage in capitalizing on the segment of health conscious consumers. (Exhibit 1, pg. ) Papa John’s should introduce whole wheat pizza and other organic ingredient and toppings that are low in calories to attract consumers that feel that pizza isn’t a healthy choice. Papa John’s should also make changes to its distribution strategy. In order to compete with Pizza Hut and other restaurants that offer their customers an option to dine in, Papa John’s allow their customers to come to their facility/location be seated and enjoy a meal. This would also attract a larger demographic of consumers. ‘Pizza joints’, over the course of time, have been generally been more popular among college students and the younger generation. Exhibit 1, pg. 6) If Papa John’s where to restructure their establishments to a more sophisticated environment, it could draw the attention of an older and/or more professional consumer group. Another distribution strategy Papa John’s should explore is the Take ‘n’ Bake strategy. (Exhibit 1, pg. 6) The Take ‘n’ Bake strategy is a fairly new concept, which involves providing premade, uncooked pizzas for consumers to take home to bake at their own convenience. Papa John’s could have premade pizzas of their own sold in stores. This would allow Papa John’s to compete with brands like DiGorno, etc. nd to reach consumers who prefer homemade/frozen pizza. There is opportunity for Papa John’s to offer it’s consumers a broader selection of menu items. While rivals such as Pizza Hut and Dominos have grown to offer everything from oven-baked sandwiches and pasta, Papa John’s has been very slow pursuit in spicing up its offerings. Being that the company does have an international presence, and different countries have different preferences for topping combinations, Papa John’s should study its customer data and the trends in popularity for various toppings and introduce topping across nations. (Exhibit 7, pg. 15) If there is an area in the U. S. that has a high population of Russians, Papa John’s should offer popular Russian toppings, such as sardines, tuna, salmon, and red onions, etc. , in the that area. (Exhibit 10, pg. 16) Appendix Exhibit 1:   Dominant Economic Features6 Exhibit 2:   The Five Forces Model7 Exhibit 3: Driving Forces10 Exhibit 4: Market Position of Rivals11 Exhibit 5: Macroenvironment12 Exhibit 6: SWOT Analysis13 Exhibit 7:   Global Toppings15 Exhibit 1: Dominant Economic Features Market Size and Growth Rate * Studies reveal that, in 2012, the pizza industry is worth $42. 8 billion in revenue and includes a more than 65+ thousand pizzerias. Pizza sales make up 17%, of the entire restaurant industry, and are expected to grow by 31% by 2015. Number of Rivals * The industry is fragmented into pizza chains and independent pizzerias. * The pizza chain segment is dominated by the â€Å"Big 4†, which includes Pizza Hut, Domino’s, Papa Johns, and Little Caesars, that make up 32% of the industry sales and 28% stores. * Independent pizzerias account for 57% of stores and 48% of industry sales Number of Buyers—Retailers and End? Consumers * Consumers between 25 and 44 years old make up 46. 3% of all consumers. * Consumers between the ages of 45 and 64 make up 22. % of all consumers * Consumers under 25 make up 16. 2% and those over 65 make up 14. 7% Degree of Product Differentiation * Products are becoming more differentiated, in order to accommodate the growing consumer demand for specialty/gourmet pizza. * 4 channels of distribution: sit-down, carry-out, delivery, and take ‘n’ bake Pace of Techn ological Change * Technology does not play a huge role in this industry, but it does serve opportunity for the players in this industry to better interface with their consumers. Exhibit 2: Five Forces ModelRivals/Competition The â€Å"Big Four† (Papa John’s, Pizza Hut, Domino’s Pizza, and Little Caesar’s) Rivals/Competition The â€Å"Big Four† (Papa John’s, Pizza Hut, Domino’s Pizza, and Little Caesar’s) Suppliers Farmers Small Business Owners IT Providers (internet, applications, software, web presence, etc. ) Suppliers Farmers Small Business Owners IT Providers (internet, applications, software, web presence, etc. ) Substitutes Homemade Pizza Frozen Pizza Other restaurants Substitutes Homemade Pizza Frozen Pizza Other restaurants New Entrants Independent/Small Pizzerias New Entrants Independent/Small Pizzerias Buyers Customers between the ages of 25 and 44 (largest segment), with well-established careers and families. Buyers Customers between the ages of 25 and 44 (largest segment), with well-established careers and families. The five predominant forces that influence Papa John’s are as follows: Competitive Rivalry, New Entrants, Substitute Goods, Buyer Bargaining Power, and Supplier Bargaining Power. Rivalry among Competing Sellers * Buyer demand is growing rapidly * Consumer spending is expected to increase by an average annual rate of 2. 9%, up to 2017 * The products of rival sellers are differentiated and customer loyalty is high * Buyer costs to switch brands are high Threat of New Entrants Threat of new entrants from independently owned pizza restaurants is high because they have the capital to open multiple units. Threat of Substitute Products * There are many choices for consumers to purchase pizza from locally owned to national chains therefore the threat of substitutes is high. Bargaining Power of Buyers * With the multiple outlets available for consumers the bargaining power of b uyers is high because if prices are too high they will shop elsewhere. * Additionally, many consumers switch between pizza restaurants because they choose the outlet with the best prices at that time. Bargaining Power of Suppliers * The bargaining power of suppliers is high for the nationally owned pizza restaurants so they can demand lower prices. * The bargaining power of suppliers for locally owned pizza restaurants is low because they do not buy in large quantities. Exhibit 3:   Driving Forces Four main forces are driving the pizza industry. In order to compete in this industry, a company must capitalize on (1) Emerging new internet capabilities and applications, (2) growing buyer preference for differentiated products, (3) changes in cost efficiency, and (4) changes in societal concerns, attitudes, and lifestyles. Emerging new internet capabilities and applications * Due to new technological advancements, the pizza industry has enabled their consumers to view menus, receive coupons/promotions, and make and track orders online and via mobile device. * Most industry players have also taken advantage of the new wave of social media and have established presence on sites such as Facebook, Twitter, etc. These social media sites allow a more personal connection with their customers, and allow customers to freely voice their satisfaction or lack thereof with the product or service. Changes in cost efficiency As the fuel prices continue to increase, it becomes less convenient and less likely for consumers to purchase from establishments similar to Little Caesar’s, which only offer carry out/pick up and no delivery. Growing buyer preferences for differentiated products instead of standardized commodity product Changing societal concerns, attitudes, and lifestyles * A 2010 survey, conducted by th e National Restaurant Association (NRA), showed that 7 out of 10 consumers are now trying to eat healthier when eating out and that 2 out of 3 restaurant guests pay more attention to the nutritional content in their food and ordered healthier items. Exhibit 4: Market Position of Rivals The graph that is shown below details the market position of Papa John’s main rivals. Pizza Hut (11. 6%) Pizza Hut (11. 6%) Convenient Convenient Product Differentiation Product Differentiation Local Local Local Local Local Local Papa John’s (6. 3%) Papa John’s (6. 3%) Distribution Distribution Domino’s (9. 8%) Domino’s (9. 8%) Little Caesar’s (4. 7%) Little Caesar’s (4. 7%) Inconvenient Inconvenient Low Low High High In the strategic group map above, the x-axis represents the diversity of product offerings (from least to greatest diversity). The y-axis represents the convenience of distribution, in other words how accessible the product is to the consumer. The circles on the map are drawn roughly proportional to market share in 2012. Exhibit 5: Macro-environment ECONOMIC FACTORS ECONOMIC FACTORS Rivals Rivals Substitutes Substitutes HEALTH CONCERNS HEALTH CONCERNS TECHNOLOGY TRENDS TECHNOLOGY TRENDS Buyers Buyers Suppliers Suppliers PAPA JOHN’S PAPA JOHN’S New Entrants New Entrants Exhibit 6:   SWOT Analysis Strengths High Quality Ingredients * Papa John’s uses only fresh ingredients in the pizza production process. Customers perceive value of high quality fresh ingredients. * Many of Papa John’s competitors use frozen pizza dough and sauce made from concentrate therefore using fresh ingredients enables them to meet customer expectations better than the competition. Weaknesses Limited Menu * Although Papa John’s allows its customers the flexibility of creating their own pizza or choose from over 9 specialty pizzas. In comparison to its competitors, the Papa John’s menu remains fairly simplistic. Locations * Papa John’s is still considered new to the pizza market, they are not as large as the competition. Most of Papa John’s competition has doubled the amount of stores. As a result, Papa John’s is not able to serve as large a market as the competition. Opportunities Expansion * The upside to the location issue is that Papa John’s has not saturated all of the markets that are available to them; whereas the competition may not be able to obtain additional store growth. * Target Health Conscious Customers * Diversify Menu Threats Independent establishments Fast-casual restaurants Exhibit 7: Pizza Toppings From Around the World How to cite Papa John’s, Essay examples Papa John’s Free Essays Papa John’s Analysis Alex Quiquia 3/19/13 MGMT 4800 Strategic Analysis of Papa John’s Introduction–We already know that Papa John’s is a major player in the Pizza industry but what does the future hold for them. One of the business-level strategies that Papa John’s implemented was product differentiation through the use of fresh dough and superior-quality ingredients. John Schnatter believed that other pizza restaurants used inferior ingredients and that he could do it better. We will write a custom essay sample on Papa John’s or any similar topic only for you Order Now This strategy was implemented from the very beginning in the United States. Another successful business-level strategy that focused on product diversification employed by Papa John’s was the use of technology to order pizza. In 2001 they became the first pizza company to offer online ordering. The most significant corporate-level strategy used early on by Papa John’s was mergers and acquisitions. In the late 90s, the company acquired 205 â€Å"Perfect Pizza† restaurants in the UK. They continued aggressively acquiring international restaurants until the early 2000s when they began to focus their acquisition efforts domestically. In just under 30 years since opening its first store, Papa John’s has added over 4,000 stores (papajohns. com). That’s an average of over 140 new stores every year since inception, an incredible pace. They also decided to use the franchisee model. Although this model has its critics, it can be a very useful way to generate revenue without adding to store overhead, etc. The franchisee model has been successful for Papa John’s. Papa John’s was enjoying a 5+ percent average revenue growth rate for the previous five years. The company also boasted one of the highest returns on invested capital in the restaurant category of the markets. Total assets grew steadily from 2003 to 2007 as well. This growth was financed mostly by debt, but debt/equity ratios remained healthy. Apparently Papa John’s holds a competitive advantage in its fresher, higher-quality ingredients. When a customer is looking for a restaurant-quality pizza with ease of delivery, they turn to Papa John’s. External Analysis– During this study, the pizza industry was extremely competitive. Barriers to entry were few and competitors could drive prices for pizza ingredients extremely low, enabling them to easily undercut other competitors’ prices. Food commodity prices also took a 20 percent jump in 2007, which didn’t make the industry any more attractive. One of the attractive features of the industry is that because pizza ingredients are commodities, supplier power is very low. Suppliers cannot dictate prices to buyers, because they can go somewhere else. Buyer power, however, is very high. If someone doesn’t wish to buy a $12. 00 pizza at Papa John’s, they can go across the street to Little Caesar’s for a $5. 00 pizza that tastes almost the same. The two major competitors of Papa John’s are Dominos and Pizza Hut. Both of these companies enjoy a larger market share than Papa John’s. These companies are focused more on price savings than Papa John’s, who is focused on quality pizza. Just like any other sub-section of the food industry, thousands of pizza restaurants are opened each year, which continues to make profits more difficult to obtain. Internal Analysis–The commissary system is an important part of what gives Papa John’s an edge over its competitors. Every Papa John’s restaurant belongs to a subdivided region, and each region has what is known as a commissary. These commissaries send fresh ingredients and cleaning supplies twice per week to all the Papa John’s restaurants within their region. This ensures fresh ingredients and all the supplies needed to clean the restaurants. This also maintains consistency from restaurant to restaurant as all of the commissaries are controlled at the corporate level. By servicing several units from one commissary, labor costs are also driven down. Papa John’s international growth is also an advantage it has over many of its competitors. By taking advantage of all different markets around the world, Papa John’s ensures that business is most likely thriving somewhere at all times. All of these factors create a competitive advantage for Papa John’s. Recommendations Based on this analysis of Papa John’s, the following recommendations are made to help the company continue its profitability. 1. Expand internationally as much as possible. With several stores in diverse locations throughout the world, Papa John’s will be well diversified and able to absorb losses in one area better. 2. Continue to move more toward the franchisee model even more so than they are currently doing. By furthering this model, overhead and administrative costs at the corporate level are drastically reduced. How to cite Papa John’s, Papers

Wesfarmers Human Rights and Modern Slavery Statement

Question: Discuss about the Wesfarmers Human Rights and Modern Slavery Statement. Answer: Introduction: Wesfarmers Limited is amongst the topmost revenue generating multinational company in the nation. It is an Australian conglomerate and has the global headquarter located at Perth in Western Australia and the address of the same is 40 The Esplanade Perth, Western Australia (Wesfarmers, 2017a). Due to its operations being spread in different businesses, it falls in the industry of conglomerate and is a multi-industry company. Wesfarmers key operations are in the aspects of fertilizers, coal mining, chemicals, retail and industry and safety products (AMP Capital, 2015). And the major interests lie in Australia and NZ, along with UK, Bangladesh and Ireland (ASX, 2016) In 2000 companies, the company has been at the first position. Through supermarkets and its grocery stores, the majority of the companys income is generated. The company generated $66,216,000,000 as revenues for the year of 2016. The company has a diversified portfolio and it operates in areas like hardware and department stores. The post of CEO of the company has been known as MD in the company, and is held by Richard Goyder. The Chairman of the company has been known as Non-Executive Chairman in the company, and is held by Michael Chaney (IBIS, 2016). Wesfarmers had been declared as the biggest company with regards to the revenue of the company for the previous year. The company left its competitors far behind by attaining AU$65.98 billion as revenues. The Annual Report for the previous year shows that 220,000 people had been the employees of the company, due to which it is a largest private sector employer of the nation. The company also has considerable number of employees, which is over 3,300, and this is due to its present position (Wesfarmers, 2016a). In 1914, it was initially founded as being a cooperative and was responsible for making available the merchandise, as well as, the services to the Western Australian farmers. The first time when the company was listed over the ASX was in 1984. Since then, the company has been growing manifolds on yearly basis (Wesfarmers, 2017b). Even within its retail division, the company enjoys different operations, for instance, the supermarkets, the convenience stores, and office and hardware supplies. The brands of Wesfarmers Limited include Coles, which operates as a retailer of the groceries and a number of other household consumables; Kmart- retailer of general merchandise and apparel, along with handling of the automotive services department; Target- retailer for general merchandise, home wares and apparel; Home Improvement- run through Bunnings brand and has a chain of 357 trading locations in NZ and Australia; and lastly, Officeworks, which operates across the nation as a retail office supplies stores (IBIS, 2016). Regulatory Framework The regulatory framework which is applicable on any company in Australia includes the Acts, the Regulations, the Codes and the various other legislative mechanisms, which govern the entities having its operations in the nation. The following part covers a detail on some of the legislations which are applicable on the company. As the products are offered by the company to its consumers, the act which regulates the consumer behavior in Australia, i.e., the Competition and Consumer Act, 2002, which is an act of the Commonwealth, is applicable over the company. Certain changes were announced in 2016 by the Federal Government. As per these changes, when a business would have a major power over the act, due to which it can act in a way which can be stated as being competitive, and which also helps in attaining the benefits for the consumers, it would be unlawful when the same results in the competition being reduced due to the superior competitors making an exit from the market. This would result in the discouragement in the competition, which would increase the uncertainty for Wesfarmers. Not only is the business community against this proposal, even Wesfarmers has conveyed its disappointment to the Government. The reason for this is that the chances of litigations being raised against the company would be rai sed due to these changes in the provision of the act (Wesfarmers, 2016a). One of the retail businesses of Wesfarmers, i.e., Coles had been leading the command for development, as well as, implementation of the Food and Grocery Code of Conduct with the Australian Food and Grocery Council. Upon its ratification by the Parliament, Coles signed the same. This code is regulated by the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission under the Competition and Consumer Act 2001. Wesfarmers, in its Annual Report 2016, has acknowledged that the increasing number of regulations in the nation was resulting in an unnecessary delay in the investments, which renders the operations of the company, as less effective. The activities of the company are subjected to a number of environmental regulations across the nation, in addition to the other nations in which the company operates (Wesfarmers, 2016a). Being registered as a company, Wesfarmers is also required to adhere to the Corporations Act, 2001 (Cth) and has to appoint its directors and other officers as per the criteria laid down in it, carry out the meetings, and make the disclosures as per this act. The example of one of such disclosure relates to the general standard of independence of the auditor through the Corporations Act 2001. Another example of the same is the disclosure as per section 237 of this act, pertaining to the proceedings brought on behalf of the company. The securities trading policy of Wesfarmers replicates the restrictions in the matter of the key management personnel of the company, where closely related parties are undertaken. A number of provisions pertaining to the remuneration of key personnel are also governed through the provisions of this act. The compliance with section 300A was also done as per this act. And also, the substantial shareholding for the purposes of Part 6C.1 of the Corporations Ac t 2001 was also made by Wesfarmers (Wesfarmers, 2016a). The Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 is also applicable on the company, which requires the company to comply with the requirements set out in this acts Division 83A for the Australian resident employees. The Wesfarmers Employee Share Acquisition Plan of the company qualified as a non-discriminatory share scheme for the employee as per the Division 83A. The company also has to adhere to different Accounting Standards, one of which is AASB 101 Presentation of Financial Statement (Wesfarmers, 2016a). Treaties, Conventions or Agreements The previous segment covered the regulatory framework which is applicable on Wesfarmers, as a result of its operations in Australia. This necessitates a discussion over the various international treaties, covenants and agreements, which are applicable on Wesfarmers, to be discussed, which apply on the company owing to its global presence. In order to take a step towards the initiatives relating to sustainable future, Wesfarmers complies with the GRI Guidelines, which stands for the Global Reporting Initiative Guidelines. For the year of 2015, Wesfarmers has followed a number of GRI G4 Guidelines in different categories of economic, environmental and social, and under these headings, on the basis of different aspects. For instance, under the environmental category, in the energy aspect, Wesfarmers adhered to the G4-DMA and G4-EN5 and for emissions aspect, the G4-DMA, G4-EN15, G4-EN16, and G4-EN17were adhered to (Wesfarmers, 2015). The company is committed towards reducing the greenhouse gas emissions, for which, the company monitors and manages its own emissions in an active manner and makes attempts towards reducing the same. The company also understands the specific risks which are formed due to the changes in the climate for the business of the company and also attempts to reduce such risks. The company, for 2016, reduced its greenhouse emissions by more than 2% in comparison to 2015, and since 2012, the company has decreased the same by more than 30% (Wesfarmers, 2016a). The raison d'tre behind for working towards reduction in the greenhouse gas emissions is due to the international treaties like the UNCCC, i.e., United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol. The international convention of UNFCCC was initiated in 1992, which works in the direction of stabilizing the emissions from the greenhouse gases, in order to decrease the degraded impact which they leave on the climate. UNFCCC helps in specifying the limits for the greenhouse gases, in place of specifying an international treaty (Harrison, 2013). Another similar treaty, which was formed in 1997, is the Kyoto Protocol. This is also focused upon reducing the greenhouse gas emissions. The raison d'tre behind this is due to global warming which is aptly present, and which results from the emission of carbon dioxide which has been formed due to the actions undertaken by man (Krber, Schwirzenbeck and Barth, 2008). The Kyoto Protocol implements the objectives of UNFCCC. Hence, both of these treaties work towards fighting global warming by reducing the concentration of the greenhouse gasses present in the atmosphere, by taking it to such a level through with the dangerous anthropogenic inte rferences with the climate system can be prevented (Massai, 2011). The Paris Agreement is one of the agreements within the UNFCCC, which deals with the mitigation and adaption for the greenhouse gases, along with the finance which starts in the year of 2020. Its language was negotiated amongst the representatives of 195 nations, which took place on December 12th 2015, at the 21st Conference of the Parties of the UNFCCC, and was held in Paris (Blau, 2017). The Paris Agreement is aimed at enhancement of the UNFCCCs implementation by holding the increase in the global average temperature which is less than 2?C and also makes efforts towards limiting the increase to 1.5C and both these limits are over the pre-industrial levels (Bates, 2015). Recognizing that the climate change is due to human actions, and acknowledging that Wesfarmers and the nation of Australia have a huge rule in mitigation of the climate change, Wesfarmers takes various initiatives towards safeguarding the climate. Wesfarmers works towards this, for limiting the global warming to the levels of 1.5C 2C higher than the pre-industrial levels. Wesfarmers believes in working together with the industry and the government for achieving these desired outcomes. For the decarbonisation to take place in an efficient manner, the long term policy needs to have a certainty. Hence, the company has pledged to continue on improving the greenhouse gas efficiency in all of its operations, which would not only reduce the business risks and costs for the company, but would also contribute towards the mitigation of the climate change (Wesfarmers, 2017c). Wesfarmers also undertook steps to encourage the government to apply for the ERF, i.e., the Emissions Reduction Fund, so that the energy efficiency could be implemented across the retail business of Wesfarmers. Wesfarmers business takes the LED lights into use when the companys new stores are being developed. The company also makes the retrofitting of more than two million new and highly efficient light fittings in the stores which are already present in the nation and the same is also being done for the distribution centers of the company, within a period of seven years. By undertaking these initiatives, Wesfarmers would successfully avoid the addition values for fifteen thousand tones of CO2e every year, i.e., carbon dioxide equivalent annually (Wesfarmers, 2016b). As has been highlighted earlier, Target is one of businesses of the nation. For the year of 2016, Target took a comprehensive due diligence program for making certain that the importation of the regulated timbre products was not done from the illegally logged sources. This was due to the Federal Government of Australias initiative with regards to adherence to the Illegal Logging Act 2012 of the Europe, along with its regulations (Wesfarmers, 2016c). The human element plays a huge role in the Wesfarmers as a conglomerate. And so, a number of international treaties and covenants in this regard, have to be followed by the company. The company has also drawn a statement as per the Modern Slavery Act 2015s Section 54, Part 6, which is an act of the United Kingdom (Wesfarmers, 2016d). References AMP Capital. (2015) AMP Capital Sustainable Share Fund. [Online] AMP Capital. Available from: https://www.ampcapital.com.au/AMPCapitalAU/media/contents/Documents/Sustainable%20Share%20Fund/1503-ssf-stock-holdings.pdf?ext=.pdf [Accessed on: 21/04/17] ASX. (2016) Wesfarmers. [Online] ASX. Available from: https://www.asx.com.au/asxpdf/20160921/pdf/43bbqf00p6wwcy.pdf [Accessed on: 21/04/17] Bates, A.K. (2015) The Paris Agreement: The Best Chance We Have to Save the One Planet We've Got. San Bernardino, CA: BOOK Publishing Company. Blau, J. (2017) The Paris Agreement: Climate Change, Solidarity, and Human Rights. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Harrison, J. (2013) The European Union and South Korea: The Legal Framework for Strengthening Trade, Economic and Political Relations. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. IBIS. (2016) Wesfarmers Limited - Premium Company Report Australia. [Online] IBIS. Available from: https://www.ibisworld.com.au/australian-company-research-reports/retail-trade/wesfarmers-limited-company.html [Accessed on: 21/04/17] Krber, C., Schwirzenbeck, M. and Barth, K. (2008) The Kyoto Protocol. Norderstedt: GRIN Verlag. Massai, L. (2011) The Kyoto Protocol in the EU: European Community and Member States under International and European Law. Prato, Italy: Springer Science Business Media. Wesfarmers. (2015) GRI G4 Content Index. [Online] Wesfarmers. Available from: https://www.sustainability.wesfarmers.com.au/our-data/gri-g4-content-index/ [Accessed on: 21/04/17] Wesfarmers. (2016a) 2016 Annual Report. [Online] Wesfarmers. Available from: https://www.wesfarmers.com.au/docs/default-source/reports/2016-annual-report.pdf?sfvrsn=4 [Accessed on: 21/04/17] Wesfarmers. (2016b) Stakeholder engagement. [Online] Wesfarmers. Available from: https://sustainability.wesfarmers.com.au/our-approach/stakeholder-engagement/ [Accessed on: 21/04/17] Wesfarmers. (2016c) 2016 Sustainability Report. [Online] Wesfarmers. Available from: https://sustainability.wesfarmers.com.au/media/1835/edited-extract-of-wesfarmers-2016-sustainability-report.pdf [Accessed on: 21/04/17] Wesfarmers. (2016d) Wesfarmers human rights and modern slavery statement. [Online] Wesfarmers. Available from: https://sustainability.wesfarmers.com.au/our-data/wesfarmers-human-rights-and-modern-slavery-statement/ [Accessed on: 21/04/17] Wesfarmers. (2017a) A New Head Office Wesfarmers House. [Online] Wesfarmers. Available from: https://www.wesfarmers.com.au/who-we-are/our-history/a-new-head-office-wesfarmers-house [Accessed on: 21/04/17] Wesfarmers. (2017b) Our History. [Online] Wesfarmers. Available from: https://www.wesfarmers.com.au/who-we-are/our-history [Accessed on: 21/04/17] Wesfarmers. (2017c) Environment. [Online] Wesfarmers. Available from: https://sustainability.wesfarmers.com.au/our-principles/environment/climate-change-resilience/ [Accessed on: 21/04/17]

Social Model of Disability free essay sample

. Critically consider the implications for a person with an impairment condition and the opportunities for them to become a member of an inclusive society. This piece of work will try and address the issues surrounding a person who is diagnosed with HIV and the inter-related condition AIDS. The essay will begin with an outline of what HIV and AIDS actually is. Once diagnosis has been confirmed, then a brief discussion on the treatment and delivery and the differences between the social and medical model will address how the individual is treated in relation to health care. Key issues surrounding a work place or educational environment and generally the discrimination they face from different aspects within society will be discussed from a critical perspective. The introduction of relevant government legislation, in particular the Disability Discrimination Act 1995 and the new Act in 2005 will show what measures have been taken to allow an individual to feel included and not excluded within modern day society. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Model of Disability or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page National organisations such as the ‘Terrence Higgins Trust’ will also be included as to what services are on offer for the individual and their personal close contacts. HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. HIV is the virus that causes AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome). It can only be passed on from person to person through blood, semen, vaginal fluids or breast milk and is commonly passed on from one person to another through reusing or the sharing of needles, unprotected sex or during pregnancy. The most Common perceptions are that it can be passed on from kissing, sharing drinks or by sharing eating utensils but this is completely untrue (website1). HIV infects and gradually destroys an infected persons immune system thus reducing their protection against infections or cancers. Initially, someone who is living with HIV may not show any symptoms of HIV infection as their immune system manages to control it. However, in most cases their immune system will eventually need help from anti-HIV drugs to keep the HIV infection under control. Unfortunately these drugs do not rid the body of the HIV infection. AIDS is the short name for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. AIDS is not a single disease or condition. Instead, it is a term that describes the point when a person’s immune system can no longer cope because of the damage caused by HIV and they will start to get one or more specific illnesses. AIDS itself does kill; it is the related conditions they acquire such as cancers, pneumonia or other conditions that may take hold when their immune system has been weakened by the HIV virus (website 3). The most common treatment available for HIV is ‘combination therapy’, which as its name suggests is a combination of drugs which is started when the individual’s immune system is reaching very low levels. It works by suppressing the person’s immunity as much as possible. There are also a number of anti-HIV drugs (often called anti-retroviral drugs), which have dramatically improved the life expectancy of someone diagnosed with HIV. However, the treatments are complex and probably need to be taken for the rest of the individual’s life. Which medication to take and when to start taking them varies according to individual need and circumstances and a treatment plan must be drawn together with the patient and practitioner (Pratt 1995). Consideration needs to be given whether the individual wishes to adhere to the medical model and accept the medical treatment offered or choose to participate in the social model and be given the opportunity to voice their opinion and make decisions regarding their treatment plan. The medical model is a traditional model that adheres to traditional medical procedures and does not give such consideration to the wishes of the patient and enforces the notion that it’s your ‘own fault’. Whereas the social model will take into account the patients wishes and co-operate with the patient in the delivery of care. The new emerging affirmative model is seen as a ‘non-tragic view of disability’; it strengthens the social model by promoting inclusion and understanding the patient as an individual Johnstone (2001). According to Weitz (1991), a large scale survey carried out in the U. S. A found problems facing an individual who is HIV positive or diagnosed with AIDS face discrimination largely down to ignorance from people who just simply do not understand how it can be spread or how the individual may have contacted the disease in the first place. Johnstone p. 126 (2001) points out that within the U. K there has been a shift away from â€Å"bigoted public attitudes† but the stigma remains which is largely down to how the media portray the illness. Legislation such as the Disability Discrimination Act 1995 was introduced to eliminate discrimination towards disabled people in areas of employment, education, accessing facilities, goods or services and the managing, buying or renting of land or property. Parts of it became law in December 1996, and other parts have been introduced over time. For example, within organisations and businesses it became unlawful for employers to treat disabled people less favorably than other employees for a reason in relation to their disability. Reasonable adjustments have had to be made for any person with a disability, such as making changes in service provision or providing extra help since October 1999. Premises have also had to ensure any adaptations to allow access for disabled people were implemented from October 2004.

Emotional intelligence

Emotional intelligence Emotional intelligence(EI) is defined as â€Å"the capacity for recognizing a person’s own feelings and those of others, for motivating themselves and for managing emotions well in themselves and other relationships† (Goleman, 1998). Serat (2009) on the other hand defines EI as the â€Å"ability, capacity, skill or self-perceived ability to identify, assess, and manage the emotions of one’s self, of others and of groups† (p. 2).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Emotional intelligence specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More EI has significantly gained popularity in the world mainly because of its association with a person to manage his/her own emotions and handling other people. It is believed that people with high EI are not only good in knowing and understanding themselves, but are also able to sense and respect other people’s emotions. More to this, Serat (2009) argues that high EI people are more optimistic, affable and resilient than people who have lower EI. Over the years, analysts have drawn a fine distinction between Intelligence Quotient and Emotional intelligence while stating that people with high EI are able to cope and relate with others better than people who have high IQ but are devoid of high EI levels. Analysts agree that EI is important. However, they are yet to device ways through which IE can be measured. The different instruments available for measuring the same sometimes overlap or divulge thus making it hard for ordinary people to know just what is the appropriate tool of measurement (Cherniss Goleman, 2001). Admittedly, EI is a complex issue that has been the debate of numerous debates. One thing that analysts seem to agree on is the fact that EI is a combination of emotional and cognitive abilities. To this end, Goleman (1998) states that EI is the combination of â€Å"emotional centers of the brain (the limbic system) and the cognitive cent ers (prefrontal cortex)†. Cherniss Goleman (2001), states that EI provides a bedrock for effective performance by individuals in their respective places of work, thus encouraging development in any given society. In managers, the authors argue that high EI is a tool that enables conflict resolution to take place more easily and effectively that would be the case if the manager had low IE levels. According to Goleman (1998), EI has varied competencies, some which has a clear relation, while it is still unclear about how some of the competencies are related. The author suggests that self-awareness produces social awareness and self control. The two on the other hand are responsible for breeding social skills in a person.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to arguments presented by different authors, this essay holds the opinion that EI unlike IQ is not a pre-pro grammed quality in the brain. One gets the impression that some of the qualities of EI can be deliberately acquired. Mersino (2007) for example argues that getting in touch with one’s feeling is a good starting point to developing EI. Further, the author states that self-awareness can be learnt. This then means that a person with low EI can still work at developing the same to higher levels. In addition to self-awareness, Mersino (2007) suggests developing accurate self-assessment skills. This regards viewing one-self accurately and even seeking opinions regarding one’s behaviors from others. Citing Daniel Goleman, Mersino (2007) identifies self-assessing people as those who are conscious of their strengths and weakness; reflect and learn from past experiences; open to feedback, lessons, perspectives and beneficial comments; and possess a sense of humor towards their achievements and failings. Citing Gardner (1983), Goleman (1998) identifies seven categories of intelli gence. They are: Intrapersonal, interpersonal, bodily/kinesthetic, musical, visual/spatial, logical/mathematical and verbal/linguistic. Goleman (1998) however associates EI with emotional competence, which he argues is responsible for self-awareness, self-management, social awareness and relationship management. Under self awareness, a person develops emotional awareness, self-assessment skills and self-confidence. Under self-management, one gains emotional control, transparency, optimism, initiative, adaptability and transparency. Under social awareness, one develops service orientation, organizational awareness and empathy. Under relationship management, one is able to relate with others, develops conflict management skills, and is able to develop inspirational leadership skills, in addition to team working skills (Goleman et al, 2002). Ruderman et al. (2001) argues that while high IQ can result to high competencies, it does not automatically result in high EI. As such, the author s identify a need for highly intelligent people to develop their EI capabilities in order to be able to relate well with other people. Most notably, Ruderman et al. (2001) notes that people with high IQ levels are good performers at work, but rarely know how to relate with other people. Because of their skills and competencies, they look down on other people who are not as skillful as they are, and if put in managerial positions, are more likely to command people under them rather than create work teams where strengths can be shared. â€Å"Such characters make you wonder how people can be so smart, yet so incapable of understanding themselves and others† (p.3). According to Ruderman et al. (2001) emotional intelligence can not only be learnt, but can also be enhanced. They suggest that the first step to developing IE is coming to terms with ones emotions. The next step would be to deliberately guide thoughts and actions towards a particular identified path.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Emotional intelligence specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In management, Rudeman et al (2001) argues that EI has been in existence for much longer but was known as ‘peoples skills’. People’s skills were a management concept that was endorsed for use in managers, since analysts had proved that managers who possessed the same were more successful than those who did not. While the importance of intellect was not underrated in workplaces, the same in management positions was seen as a complementary attribute. According to Ruderman et al. (2001), a manager needs to engage other people in the management process. This calls for proper people engagement through talking and listening, influencing decisions and laying a good environment for consensus building. The manager is also responsible for putting people working under him or with him at ease. This however is closely related to the manager ’s happiness. If the manager is always angry, impatient and fails to understand other people’s positions, he or she is more prone to knee-jerk responses. This means he can be quick to anger and lashing out at other people. Generally, people who are self-aware have a better understanding of their strengths and weaknesses and are therefore more willing to seek assistance beyond their strengths. They also appreciate other people’s strengths and are more willing to chip in when others need help. Conclusion Emotional intelligence no doubts seem to be the missing link that would lead to success on a personal level as well as success in the workplace. No one wants to be around a person who cannot quite grasp the extent of his strengths and weaknesses. More to this, as much as people admire a skillful person, they detest such a person if he or she cannot pass on the skills to others or better still, a person who is patient with people who are not as equally gifted. As t he different authors covered in this essay agree, emotional intelligence is indeed the bedrock of better relationships. Once a person understands him/herself, he/she is able to know the limits of what he/she can do. More to this, he is able to respect others for what they can do. People with high EI are therefore easier to cope with, they are more willing to change and adapt to new environments and are more empathetic to other people’s causes. In an organizational setting, high EI people are relied upon as moderators and people who are capable of fostering good working relationships based on understanding. They are also able to foster harmony, continuity and stability.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More References Cherniss, C. Goleman, D. (2001). The emotionally intelligent workplace: how to select for, measure, and improve emotional intelligence in individuals, groups, and organizations. London: John Wiley Sons. Goleman, D. (1998). Working with Emotional Intelligence. NY: Random House. Goleman, D., Boyatzis, R. McKee, A. (2002). Primal leadership: Realizing the power of emotional intelligence. Boston: HBS press. Mersino, A. (2007). Emotional intelligence for project managers: the people skills you need to achieve outstanding results. New York: AMACOM Div American Mgt Assn. Ruderman, M., Hannun, K., Leslie, J Steed, J. (2001). Making the connection leadership skills and emotional intelligence. LIA journal. 21(5), 2-7. Serat, O. (2009). Understanding and developing emotional intelligence. Knowledge solutions, 49(1), 1-9.

Fashion Marketing Management - Hugo Boss Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Fashion Marketing Management - Hugo Boss - Essay Example The essay "Fashion Marketing Management - Hugo Boss" discovers the marketing and management in Hugo Boss. The brand of the company includes BOSS which is the core brand of the company and HUGO that is the trendy brand associated with BOSS. Consumer groups from different cultures and backgrounds are targeted by the company, where the customers are offered wide-ranging products including classic-modern business wear, elegant evening and relaxed casual fashion, shoes and leather accessories, licensed fragrances, eyewear, watches, children’s fashion and motorcycle helmets. The recognition of the company as one of the leading fashion houses in the world has been supported by the company’s exhaustive marketing activities and participation in funding of sport and other cultural events. The company has its focus not only on traditional practices of advertising and promotion, but it also experiments new marketing activities that are targeted towards its customer groups. The prod ucts of the company are made available in around 124 countries across the world. There are more than 6,100 selling points for the products of the company from where customers can avail them. The stores are maintained both by the group itself as well as by franchise partners. The success of the company can be reflected from the sales and performance of the company in the year 2012 that present positive results for the company supported by increasing sales figures. The increase in sales has been reported in all the regions.

Against super PACs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Against super PACs - Essay Example The next presidential election will be one like no one has ever seen before in terms of campaign funding and expenses. Even now, the GOP Presidential Primary races are already showing signs of how money will not be an object for their presidential candidate. This paper will delve into the committee's history and the reasons behind the public outcry against the existence of Super PACs. A Super PAC is an independent - expenditure only committee that has the legal power to raise unlimited sums of money in campaign contributions from individuals, corporations, unions, and other (lobbyist) groups. The committee was the result of a landmark Supreme Court Decision (Citizens United vs. Federal Election Committee) that dictated that campaign contributions to third party groups cannot be limited. The term Super PAC can be attributed to Eliza Newlin Carney, a reporter who worked for CQ Roll Call. She was the first person to have used the term Super PACs in the context of the word definition (We theimer, â€Å"Citizens United and Contributions to Super PACs: A Little History Is in Order†). Although Super PACs were not meant to openly support any single candidate, the committee has become a force to reckon with this campaign season. Its power and financial backing of particular candidates can be seen and felt in the negative ads that candidates like Mitt Romney have run, all amounting to tens of millions of dollars. That is one reason the public has come to reject the idea of the Super PACs. It has the turned the political campaign into a shallow, reality television, mud-slinging type of contest from which the candidates can never return. The ads being run in the newspapers, television, and radio stations cost these candidates and Super PACs money that could have been used for better political means such as contributions to charitable organizations by the candidates or their support groups on their behalf. That sort of act would have had a greater political impact upo n the voting public than an ad campaign explaining the ills of Newt Gingrich. Even more sickening, is the fact that most of the candidates will feign knowledge of participation in any negative campaign movements because of the independent nature of the Super PACs. The candidate can deny any involvement in the act all the while coordinating with his Super PAC under the radar of mass media. These negative campaigns leave the candidate free and clear of any involvement as all the Super PAC has to do is run the ad with a clear disclaimer absolving the candidate the ad supports of any wrong doing because the ad was not sanctioned by the candidate or political party. In other words, Super PACs gives a voice to people with money. All corporations that have money to give are giving millions and millions of dollars to the candidates across the board. Independent voters do not have that money to donate, so their candidates are not as prominent in terms of connecting with voters. Such is the e ffect of the Super PAC. It makes it seem like only certain candidates have a right to be in the political race because they are the ones with the (lobbyist group) backing and financing. However, ordinary citizens also find themselves scratching their heads in terms of wrapping their brains around the idea of a Super PAC not being a coordinated group founded by the political figure. Take for example the case of Newt Gingrich and the Winning Our Future group. Disclosures later in the campaign proved that he was the very person who founded the group and his close friend Becky Burkett worked for the group. His personal

Entrepreneurship in the Global Environment Essay

Entrepreneurship in the Global Environment - Essay Example Both for commercial and non-commercial purposes, internet media sites or companies, supported social media, have turned out to be giant multinational firms. Mark Elliot Zuckerberg is one, among the five skilful and innovative co-founders of Facebook. As recorded in April 2013, Zuckerberg had become the chief executive and the chairman of Facebook Inc. Thus, Zuckerberg is a corporate entrepreneur of the famous publicly traded company (in National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations). Zuckerberg is the living example that emphasizes the fact that a common student of Harvard University can actually be creative enough to promote such a famous company and acquire a net worth of about US $19 billion. Zuckerberg belonged to a middle income family in White Plains, New York. His mother was a psychiatrist and his father was a doctor. Right from his early age, he had special interest in computer related affairs. At the age of 12 years, he used the software of Atari BASIC to m ake a special message program named â€Å"Zucknet†. Despite his interest in computers, Zuckerberg had excelled in literature studies. In his school life, he had invented the special music software named â€Å"Synapse†. ... In his university life, Zuckerberg had introduced a special program named â€Å"CourseMatch†. This software helped the students to find their classes on the basis of the different selected sources. Later on, he even invented special software that was related to social networking. Finally, with the help of some of his friends, Zuckerberg invented the special software of Facebook within his university days. Overtime, this social network has become popular among millions of users, thereby turning Zuckerberg into a corporate business entrepreneur (Migliorisi and College, n.d.). According to the view of the researcher, Zuckerberg sets the best example of an entrepreneur. It is highly rational to analyze his entrepreneurial skills. Zuckerberg even possess high quality of personal skills. An entrepreneur would only be successful in the long run if he has good personal habits and knowledge. The above profile of the person explains that he has the best of knowledge and personal skills that are all required for an entrepreneur. He also possesses the crucial skill of effective communication which facilitates the promotion of his invention and creativity to millions of individuals today. Zuckerberg is a living legend in the business world and his contribution in the corporate, social and economic fields is priceless. Facebook, in the current epoch, is not only used for the purpose of social communication, but is also valid for the usage of business-to-business as well as business-to-consumer transactions. Zuckerberg is not only creative in nature, but is also a good leader in the industry. He is the best living example that enumerates the true power of human capital in the world. Similarly like economic capital, produced means of production, human

Causes of Childhood Obesity

Causes of Childhood Obesity Children and Obesity Contents (Jump to) Introduction: Thesis Statement: Analysis of the current situation: Increase in Inactivity: Major problem and treatment issues: Eating Habits: Pricing and unhealthy aspects of food: Lack of outdoor games: Parents Responsibility: Counter measurements: Conclusion: References: Introduction: The obesity in children is a serious contemporary problem that is a major problem at contemporary times and the role of parents in the problem is quite significant and hence the ideas are presented in the report which sheds light upon some minute and accurate causes to the escalation of these problems related to obesity in children, the responsibility of the parents also play a significant role in this domain. The tactical analysis and the outcomes are to be drawn from the facts which actually are the chief causes of the problem. The causes can readily be derived so as to the inactivity that has been the trend in the youth and owing to the present lifestyle that has been one of the main reasons specifically responsible for the decrease of the physical activity. The report hereby encloses the essentials facts that have been brought to the light as per the secondary analysis and library research of the situation regarding the infusion of the obesity rates in children. The causes are hence calibrated under specific categorical heads for the betterment of the understanding and development of a profound concept related to the establishment of findings and the conclusive arguments that are yielded has to be backed up by concrete affirmative arguments. The structure hence is adapted as after the introduction the section of analysis and critical evaluation of the directly related topics and the peripherals of the contextual topic is to be discussed in details followed by a tight and decisive conclusion. Thesis Statement: It has been fabricated so as to develop the role of the parents in which they fail to ensure the proper weight maintenance of their children; the ideas are also obligated by the fact that the lifestyle at present is also the key procedure that inflicts these effects. Secondly the taxation process of food items at contemporary times also causes mismanagement in manufacturing and also the use of cheap and highly fatty ingredients for the food manufactured to keep the costing and the revenue generation balanced. The obesity is one of the most serious problems that not only degrades the health but also aggravates a hefty treatment costs. Thus the idea or the thesis statements are presented. Analysis of the current situation: The section comprises of the critical evaluation of the issue of how obesity is induced in the children in contemporary times, then it also recommends decisive and consequential arguments for the consolidated recommendations to endure this crisis and improve the overall scenario. Thus the following heads are mandated. The privilege in the obesity factors of children had been a serious issue of concern for the world health scenario (Lifshitz, 2008). The section comprises upon the causes for the increase in the level of obesity of the children. The ideas are categorized under the three fundamental root causes that directly results into such a scenario. Increase in Inactivity: Major problem and treatment issues: The growth rate of obesity amongst children had been greatly triggered by the inactivity in the children which has been increased over the past few years of the orientation of the behavior and the lifestyles in the urban areas have mandatorily affected the physical activity of the children. The mental stress caused due to the pressure induced by the academics and the preferences of recreation such as video games and play stations have all the way more contributed to the effective attenuation of the physical activities and hence the ideas are to be mandated for the reverberation of such practices and hence this abrupt and ecstatic increase of lesser physical activity amongst the children have affectively resulted into an increased obesity rates amongst the children the ideas are hence established related to the first cause that is comprehended to be the most critical cause for the increase in obesity factor amongst the children. Moreover the additional hours of watching television als o lands a significant blow to the activity amongst the children and the idea can further be conceptualized regarding the evaluation of the facts that encircle as one of the significant causes of increase in the obese population all over the globe. The annual health report that is published by the World Health Organization explicitly contained that around 25 % of the obese children watch TV or play games for more that 4 to 5 hours a day and has been the victim of obesity. Eating Habits: Pricing and unhealthy aspects of food: The next section highlights the eating habits of the children. The idea is already consolidated that the eating habits has a direct relation to the health of the entire human and children are no exception. The growing popularity of the fast food and sweet desserts among the children are instigating the unhealthy eating habits and the resultant effect for this practice may readily be considered as that of the chief reason behind the abrupt increment in the obesity rates among the children. The idea can further be solidified that the advertisements and the alluring marketing stunts pulled by the fast food franchises and the sweetened food marketers are all the way increasing the urge among the children to consume such food and instigates the unhealthy eating habits. The implications of food and eating habits thereby cause a significant impact that readily catalyzes the obesity rates among the children. The idea for healthy food practice amplification is to be introduced amongst the children an inactive of which has been undertaken by the Kraft food by progressive advertisements and short films. Even as per the statistics it is seen that the food habits are the most important of all causes for obesity in children across the globe. The fast food consumption rates have also hiked owing to the nature of the availability, alluring taste and the lack of time in everyday life as well where the consumption of such oily and sweetened food readily amplifies the obesity quotient among the children. Lack of outdoor games: Parents Responsibility: The revolutionary advents in the technology have provided more alluring options for recreational purposes of the children and hence these days the children are more inclined towards playing games on phones, tablets, PlayStations and computers rather than the conventional outdoor games. The decrease in the safety also prevented the parents from encouraging the children to go out and play. All these had a combined effect upon the child psychology and hence have developed their keen inclination away from the outdoor games that had readily attenuated the daily exercising habits among the children infusing the obesity upon them. The lack of activity at the physical level for the children had been a serious concern of the authors and pediatricians in order to mandate the norms of healthy practices and the technical advancements and the ideal consideration of the fact that the degraded safety and the negative effects upon the children when exposed to the external environment have been acting as proactive reagents for the acceleration of the obesity rates amongst the children. The ideologies are hence to be adapted for the development of the proper tactical measures to initiate the awareness regarding the importance of daily physical activities. The parents are reluctant for this especially of the unsafe neighborhoods and the effects that it may wield upon the young minds and hence the activities for children in these days are restrained by the compelling issues that have been discussed explicitly in this section. Counter measurements: The section lays focus upon the counter measurements of the issues that has proactively aggravated the rates of obesity. The causes are mainly categorized as per the three distinct heads that contains the three chief reasons that has resulted into the obese nature of the children. The inactivity issue can be decreased by proper initiatives from the parents who should be a little strict in restraining the kids from watching television and all. The education system also has to revise the strategies accordingly for the development of the student activity. The ideas can be mandated for holding events necessarily in the domains of sports to enhance the physical activity. The schools should provide the secured environment for the tactical implementation of sports events to encourage physical activity. The idea for the contemplation of the unhealthy food habits can be effectively restricted by proper parenting. The ideas should be incorporated in the children in an attractive manner to develop awareness amongst the children regarding the manifestation of healthy eating habits. The essential nutrients are to be surely incorporated in the diets of the children, calcium and proteins are the most important of all in this context. The proper balanced diet is to be maintained in synch with the age of the child so as to mandate healthy eating habits. The parents should take the children to safe parks for proactive outdoor exposure and thereby ensure the adequate physical activity. Conclusion: On a more health or medical oriented note obesity disrupts the anaerobic respiration giving rise to breathing troubles, which cause disturbed heart condition, high blood pressure and blood sugar levels, (Daniels, et, al 2006). The cause for the obese nature in humans can be of diversified origins, the first being already discussed that are of the genetic implications in an individual that makes one host body tentatively obese. The other causes include the working habits, the food preferences (Kaufmann, Poznanski, and Guggenheim, 1975) such an inclination towards junk food and the development of a lousy habit of poor exercising by the masses, the stress build up may also be an additional cause (Dallman, 2010). Now days, owing to these reasons the obesity factor are one of the most prone prospects of health degradation. Thus the issues are readily needed to be addressed using tactical measurements to cause the realization of a centrally aware global health scenario. References: aappublications. (2014, May 01). Active Healthy Living: Prevention of Childhood Obesity Through Increased Physical Activity. Retrieved from aappublications: http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/117/5/1834.full CDC. (2014, December 11). Childhood Obesity Facts. Retrieved from cdc: http://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/obesity/facts.htm Kirkpatrick, K. (2014, February 23). 8 Things About You That Increase Your Childs Risk for Obesity and Unhealthy Eating Habits. Retrieved from huffingtonpost: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/kristin-kirkpatrick-ms-rd-ld/diet-and-nutrition_b_4827359.html?ir=India Lifshitz, F. (2008). Obesity in children. Journal of clinical research in pediatric endocrinology; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3005642/. Mitre, N., Lanningham-Foster, L., Foster, R., Levine, J. A. (2010, January 01). Pedometer Accuracy in children: Can we recommend them for our obese population? Retrieved from ncbi: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2678845/ nbcnews. (2005, October 25). Kid Obesity. Retrieved from nbcnews: http://www.nbcnews.com/id/9812095/ns/health-childrens_health/t/poll-lack-exercise-blamed-kid-obesity/ NHLBI. (2014, July 13). What Are Overweight and Obesity? Retrieved from nhlbi: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/obe/ webmd. (2015). Healthy Eating Habits for Your Child. Retrieved from webmd: www.webmd.com/children/guide/kids-healthy-eating-habits

Comparing the Struggle for Freedom in Adventures of Huckleberry Finn an

Struggle for Freedom in Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and Native Son Throughout history, great authors have served as sentinels for racism and prejudice in American society. The Mark Twain novel, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, a graphic story of 1840s America that depicts the plight of an uneducated black slave named Jim moved many to empathize with African-Americans. Compassion against the evils of slavery soon spread across the country. A war-torn America abolished slavery in 1865. However, Richard Wright’s 1940 novel, Native Son, a compelling story of the life and death of another black man, Bigger Thomas, makes a convincing argument that slavery in America was still very much alive during that period. Civil rights legislation and enforcement would not come until years later. A generation apart, Jim and Bigger embody the evolution of the black man struggling to be free in American society. On Twain’s Mississippi of the 1840’s, slaves are regarded more as property than human— there is no freedom for the black man. Jim is trapped in a society that trumpets racial hatred; for example, Huck’s father said, â€Å"they told me there was a state†¦where they’d let the nigger vote†¦I says I’ll never vote again† (Twain 35). Early in their travels, Jim and Huck mirror the chasm in black and white relations that plagues America at the time. Blinded by prejudice, Huck seems incapable of recognizing that, much like himself, Jim is scared and running from a life of few choices, towards a dream of independence. Instead, he can only see what society allows him to—the blackness of Jim’s skin. He is reluctant to be seen with Jim because he knows â€Å"People would call [him] a low-down Abolitionist and despise [him] for keeping mum† (50). Even afte... ...e and what kind of work he [can] do† (Wright 394). Bigger’s society collectively denies him freedom to better his life with â€Å"restrictions placed upon Negro education,† authorities â€Å"that make it plain in their every act that they mean to keep Bigger Thomas and his kind within rigid limits,† and real estate operators who have â€Å"agreed among themselves to keep Negroes within ghetto-areas of cities† (394). Unlike Jim, Bigger can’t escape his slavery by running to the free north. His slavery is all-encompassing. Jim only sees freedom at face value, so his can be achieved. He can only hope for freedom in its simplest form†¦ release from the physical shackles of slavery. Bigger’s freedom begins where Jim’s leaves off. Works Cited Twain, Mark. Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. New York: Harper & Row, 1885. Wright, Richard. Native Son. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1940.

Religion Christianity Essay

In relation to Mark 8:34, the teachings of Martin Luther, combined with the Sacrament of Baptism and the ethical application of Church teachings on bioethics, all represent the above sentiment. Significantly, Martin Luther, a fifteenth century German monk, set to right the path the church was leading its’ adherents – to help the members of the Church â€Å"take up [their] Cross† to â€Å"follow [Jesus]†. One of the major sacraments he fervently believed was necessary to â€Å"come after† Jesus is the Sacrament of Baptism, which is still applicable in the lives of Christians today. This sacrament, which invites the adherent into the ethical guidelines of the Church, is essential for the adherent as it enables them to â€Å"come after† Jesus through the practical application of his teachings through their lives. Thus, a combination of significant people, sacraments and ethics of Christianity all link to represent the sentiment in Mark 8:34. In the 15th Century, Martin Luther, a German Christian monk at the time, visited Rome and saw the corruption of the Church, denying adherents to â€Å"take up [their] cross†. Revolted, Luther wrote his first significant doctrine, the Disputation of the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences (1517), nailed to the Church door, was revolutionary in righting Church doctrine to allow adherents to â€Å"come after† Jesus. In the document, Luther preached that indulgences were a way by the corrupt Church to steal money of already poor people, for the already wealthy Papacy. Stating that the Church was manipulating the population by putting themselves between an individual of God, he preached against the corruptness, â€Å"In the absence of justice, what is sovereignty but organized robbery? (St Augustine). Instead, he preached his new theology, one which stuck a chord with many people as the writings spread due to the printing press. The teaching of, â€Å"The upright man finds life through faith† was the start of core teachings that would usurp Church doctrine by enabling the adherent to â€Å"deny himself, take up his cross and follow [Jesus]†. However, perhaps Luther’s most important document of all was conceived in 1522 – The German Translation of the Bible. This single document enabled the ordinary Christian adherent to follow Jesus as laid out in Mark 8:34. Through this, people could achieve â€Å"justification by faith alone† and was the medium through which an individual’s relationship with God could be achieved. The clergy and Church doctrine were no longer needed to guarantee the individuals advancement into heaven. The corrupt influence of the Church could be ceased as common people could now read teachings for themselves, instead of the illegible Latin text. By giving people the tool to follow Jesus into everlasting life, personal relationships with God could grow. This final text was the catalyst for the now known Protestant Reformation, inciting a rift against Protestants and Catholics that would shape the church doctrine and development up until the present day. One sacrament that Luther encouraged the Church to keep was the Sacrament of Baptism. This Sacrament essentially gives encouragement for the adherent to follow Jesus – to â€Å"take up his Cross† – through the promise of Salvation. This tool to heaven for adherents positively impacts upon adherents as it encourages them to live a life and â€Å"follow† the way Jesus preached it and develop a positive relationship with God and the community ad embrace the Grace they will receive. Significantly as well, the statement in the Bible by Mark, â€Å"he who believes and is baptised will be saved† (Mark 16:16), gives evidence to this sacred link between the sacrament of Baptism and salvation. This link, then, provides reason for adherents to live a good, fulfilling life in the eyes of Jesus and to â€Å"follow [Jesus]† teachings. Baptism is furthermore representative of Mark 8:34 as it initiates adherent rebirth into the Church to become part of the Body of Christ. The Christian community is the living Christ whose job is to spread the ‘good news’ – thus to â€Å"come after† Jesus and what he preached in his Ministry. The baptismal vows ask the candidate to ‘ever remain faithful to His Church’ and in doing so, one takes on the responsibility of being an active member of the community and to nurture the faith of others. Similarly, the community is sked to help foster the faith of those baptised and to reflect on their own beliefs and the way they â€Å"follow† Jesus. Candidates must live according to the laws and practices of the community in which they have been baptised into. In baptism, one affirms their faith in the principle beliefs of Christianity – essential in allowing the adherent to â€Å"deny himself, and take up his Cross, and follow [Jesus]. † This ideal of following Jesus, as communicated in Mark 8:34, is practiced in many ways by adherents; importantly through taking a Christian ethical stance on bioethical issues. The ethical teachings of Jesus not only guide the adherent to make the right decision about bioethical issues, but they also allow the adherent to choose the right path and â€Å"come after† Jesus. Agape, the love for friends as well as enemies, is one of the most influential ethical teachings. Exhibited in the Scripture in Matthew 5:43-44, â€Å"Love your enemies and pray for those whom persecute you† is a huge deciding factor in ethical decision making, taking into account this love for all humans – the application of which allows the adherent to â€Å"and take up his Cross, and follow [Jesus]. This application is evident through the Christian ethical stance on euthanasia. Very simply, the stance taken by Catholic, Orthodox and Uniting is influenced by a single Commandment, â€Å"Thou shalt not kill† (Exodus). There is a unified belief that euthanasia is wrong, as it breaches the guidelines of agape, and violates the other major ethical teachings of human dignity and humans made in the image of God. By applying this teaching of Jesus onto these bioethical issues, such as euthanasia, the adherent is allowed to â€Å"come after† Jesus and to follow him. Thus, the practices, teachings and significant idols of Christianity definitely represent the Mark 8:34 sentiment. From Luther’s righting of Church doctrine to allow adherents to â€Å"come after† and â€Å"follow† Jesus, to the encouragement to follow Jesus through the Baptism sacrament and the application of Jesus’ ministry through bioethics, the practices and teachings of Christianity fervently represent the above sentiment.

The Effects of Alcohol on Motor Skills. Essays

The Effects of Alcohol on Motor Skills. Essays The Effects of Alcohol on Motor Skills. Essay The Effects of Alcohol on Motor Skills. Essay Alcohol is a liquid distilled product of fermented fruits, grains and vegetables used as solvent. It is probably the most widely used and abused substance that requires the customers to be given age before it is sold or used but this is not always the case because the use of under age drinkers are on increase.Alcohol is also a central nervous system depressant which affects virtually every organ in the body and chronic use can lead to numerous preventable diseases including alcoholism. Examples of Alcohol Vodka, whiskey, Beer.Alcoholism- Is a illness involving the excessive use of alcoholic beverages such as Vodka it is an addiction to the substance found in alcoholic drink called â€Å"ethanol† which is a psychoactive agent that affect the central nervous system of a human being. Ref. Martin et al 2007.Substance Abuse – Is a phrase being used by psychologist to refer to someone who poses a treat to himself or other people. People that drink and drive under the influenc e of alcohol area treat to themselves and others.Neuron activity in the brain controls one’s behavior, the use of alcohol controls the neuron activity, which now becomes suppressed by excessive use of alcohol,The drinker becomes less active, relaxed, and more outgoing. The motor skill co-ordination have now being impaired by this substance (alcohol), and the drinker will experience difficulty thinking straight, and clearly the more the alcohol consumed the further the impairment of the neuron activity in the brain, which eventually lead to loss of activity, memory loss, control of movement (Stritzke et al 1996).statistics have shown that the numbers of male drinkers are higher than the female drinkers by a ratio of five to one (Lauer 1989), as cited by Martin et al 2007.National data also shows alcohol related illness such as cirrhosis, and head/neck cancer are in the increase in the U.K, and E.U. (fact sheet Alcohol consumption harm in the U.K E.U, London IAS, 2003)This is what prompted us to ask the question!!!At what degree can alcohol impair an individuals motor skill abilities?Method of Background theory.The objective of this research was to test cognitive, and motor skills were not equally sensitive to a moderate dose of alcohol.20 male participants between the ages of 18-30, yrs were divided into 2 groups of 10. 60 male participants aged between 18-30, yrs were divided into 4 groups of 14. Al participants were healthy social drinkers, and randomly chosen from a group of volunteers from a university psychology dept. All participants performed a motor skill task with Pursuit Rotor, and Rapid Information Processing tasks.All participants attended a drug free task practice session where in the test was explained,and they completed a Drinking Habit Questionnaire to highlight any existing drinking problems.All participants were then asked to do the PR, ; then the RIP test 4 times in succession with 3 minute intervals of rest between each set of tasks . This was done to establish that results from the real tests could be attributed to the affect of alcohol on performance, and not unfamiliarity with the test content.All participants fasted for 4 hrs ; had no alcohol for 24 hrs. They were called in 1 to 10 days later for the â€Å"treatment session†, and all had to give breath samples to verify zero Blood Alcohol Concentrations (BAC).After this participants performed both PR ; RIP tasks to provide a drug free baseline with which to compare results from PR ; RIP tasks performed under the influence of alcohol.The participants were given 1 to 2 ratio of alcohol ; placebo ; carbonated mix, depending on which groups they have been allocated.The difference on experiment 1 ; 2 are that the participants in experiment 2 were being told that if they got the same score as the baseline score they would receive cash for the test. Pursuit Rotor (PR) Task consisted of a computer, monitor, and mouse on a tabletop, 75 cm above the floor. The participants sat in a chair directly in front of a computer screen that displayed a rectangular track (14 cm by 11.5 cm), and an on screen target (diameter = 1.3 cm) that moved at 23 rpm clockwise around the track. They tracked the target by moving a computer mouse to control an on screen circular cross-hair (diameter 1.3 cm), and were instructed to keep the cross-hair over the rotating target as long as possible during a test. One test consisted of three 50 second trials separated by a 20 second between-trial interval. The computer measured performance as a percentage of time on target during each test.Rapid Information Processing Task is a self-paced computerized task measures the rate of information processing. Participants sat in front of a computer screen while a fixed pseudo random sequence of 250 digits consisting of the numbers 1 to 8 was presented on the computer monitor. The entire sequence contained 11 triads of even digits, and 10 triads of odd digits. The yellow digits were 11.5 cm by 6 cm in size, and were presented one at a time on a blue background.Participants simply rested a finger on the #1 key on the computer number pad, and were told to press the key whenever they say any 3 consecutive even digits or any 3 consecutive odd digits. They were told to try to attain the highest digit presentation rate possible by correctly identifying as many of the digits triads as they could.The initial digit presentation rate was 90 digits per minute, and each correct response to a triad increased the speed of digit presentation by decreasing the inter stimulus interval (ISI) by 33 ms. A failure to respond to a triad, a correct response to triad after the next digit in the sequence had been presented or a response to a non-triad slowed the presentation rate by increasing the ISI by 33ms.The computer measured an individual’s rate of information processing by the mean number of digits presented per minute during a 5 minute test with greater digits per minute indicating faster information processing.In both experiments there was no significant difference in the results. It made no difference that in experiment 2 they were giving cash as an incentive.The conclusion (results) of this study indicates how disagreement over the sensitivity of cognitive, and motor skills to a moderate dose of alcohol may occur when impairment is only assessed at some particular BAC’s.;Method of my written proposalI will like my study to be conducted in Lab conditions.The participants would be psychology students from the University of East London, and would be over the legal age limit to consume alcohol.They must be social or regular drinkers.Participants would be randomly selected.I will apply the between test, there will be two groups.The independent variable would be one group receiving two drinks of 2.5 mils vodka mixed with 2.5 mils carbonated water, whilst group two would receive two drinks of 2.5 milscarbonated water, but the glass would b e sprayed with alcohol to give a strong alcoholic scent.The Dependant variable would be a test called the Rapid Information Processing Task Test.This test is a computerized test which is self paced. It measures the rate of information processing, and would last for five minutes.On the screen would appear a sequence of 250 digits. Participants would have to sit in front of the computer, and simply press the number one key whenever they saw any three consecutive even or odd digits at any time. Their aim is to achieve the highest digit presentation rate by identifying three consecutive digits.MaterialsThe materials to be used for this study is Laboratory, The participants are Undergraduate psychology students, computer, Vodka, Carbonated water and alcohol.ProcedureEthical Considerations.All participants to complete a general questionnaire, form and signed consent.We will seek to obtain approval from University of Human Research.Participants will be informed of their right to withdraw f rom the study at any time.Experiment to take place in Lab conditions.All personal information would be kept confidential, locked away, and password protected.Participants to be debriefed after experiment.ReferencesAlcohol Consumption and harm in the U.K and EU.(2003). London, IAS, Fact Sheet.Fogarty, N. J., ; Voget-Sprott, M. (2002). Cognitive processes and motor skills differ in sensitivity to alcohol impairment. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 63, 404-411.Martin, N. G., Carlson, R. N., ; Buskist, W. (2007). Psychology. (3rd ed), England, Pearson Education Limited.