Social Model of Disability free essay sample

. Critically consider the implications for a person with an impairment condition and the opportunities for them to become a member of an inclusive society. This piece of work will try and address the issues surrounding a person who is diagnosed with HIV and the inter-related condition AIDS. The essay will begin with an outline of what HIV and AIDS actually is. Once diagnosis has been confirmed, then a brief discussion on the treatment and delivery and the differences between the social and medical model will address how the individual is treated in relation to health care. Key issues surrounding a work place or educational environment and generally the discrimination they face from different aspects within society will be discussed from a critical perspective. The introduction of relevant government legislation, in particular the Disability Discrimination Act 1995 and the new Act in 2005 will show what measures have been taken to allow an individual to feel included and not excluded within modern day society. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Model of Disability or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page National organisations such as the ‘Terrence Higgins Trust’ will also be included as to what services are on offer for the individual and their personal close contacts. HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. HIV is the virus that causes AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome). It can only be passed on from person to person through blood, semen, vaginal fluids or breast milk and is commonly passed on from one person to another through reusing or the sharing of needles, unprotected sex or during pregnancy. The most Common perceptions are that it can be passed on from kissing, sharing drinks or by sharing eating utensils but this is completely untrue (website1). HIV infects and gradually destroys an infected persons immune system thus reducing their protection against infections or cancers. Initially, someone who is living with HIV may not show any symptoms of HIV infection as their immune system manages to control it. However, in most cases their immune system will eventually need help from anti-HIV drugs to keep the HIV infection under control. Unfortunately these drugs do not rid the body of the HIV infection. AIDS is the short name for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. AIDS is not a single disease or condition. Instead, it is a term that describes the point when a person’s immune system can no longer cope because of the damage caused by HIV and they will start to get one or more specific illnesses. AIDS itself does kill; it is the related conditions they acquire such as cancers, pneumonia or other conditions that may take hold when their immune system has been weakened by the HIV virus (website 3). The most common treatment available for HIV is ‘combination therapy’, which as its name suggests is a combination of drugs which is started when the individual’s immune system is reaching very low levels. It works by suppressing the person’s immunity as much as possible. There are also a number of anti-HIV drugs (often called anti-retroviral drugs), which have dramatically improved the life expectancy of someone diagnosed with HIV. However, the treatments are complex and probably need to be taken for the rest of the individual’s life. Which medication to take and when to start taking them varies according to individual need and circumstances and a treatment plan must be drawn together with the patient and practitioner (Pratt 1995). Consideration needs to be given whether the individual wishes to adhere to the medical model and accept the medical treatment offered or choose to participate in the social model and be given the opportunity to voice their opinion and make decisions regarding their treatment plan. The medical model is a traditional model that adheres to traditional medical procedures and does not give such consideration to the wishes of the patient and enforces the notion that it’s your ‘own fault’. Whereas the social model will take into account the patients wishes and co-operate with the patient in the delivery of care. The new emerging affirmative model is seen as a ‘non-tragic view of disability’; it strengthens the social model by promoting inclusion and understanding the patient as an individual Johnstone (2001). According to Weitz (1991), a large scale survey carried out in the U. S. A found problems facing an individual who is HIV positive or diagnosed with AIDS face discrimination largely down to ignorance from people who just simply do not understand how it can be spread or how the individual may have contacted the disease in the first place. Johnstone p. 126 (2001) points out that within the U. K there has been a shift away from â€Å"bigoted public attitudes† but the stigma remains which is largely down to how the media portray the illness. Legislation such as the Disability Discrimination Act 1995 was introduced to eliminate discrimination towards disabled people in areas of employment, education, accessing facilities, goods or services and the managing, buying or renting of land or property. Parts of it became law in December 1996, and other parts have been introduced over time. For example, within organisations and businesses it became unlawful for employers to treat disabled people less favorably than other employees for a reason in relation to their disability. Reasonable adjustments have had to be made for any person with a disability, such as making changes in service provision or providing extra help since October 1999. Premises have also had to ensure any adaptations to allow access for disabled people were implemented from October 2004.

Emotional intelligence

Emotional intelligence Emotional intelligence(EI) is defined as â€Å"the capacity for recognizing a person’s own feelings and those of others, for motivating themselves and for managing emotions well in themselves and other relationships† (Goleman, 1998). Serat (2009) on the other hand defines EI as the â€Å"ability, capacity, skill or self-perceived ability to identify, assess, and manage the emotions of one’s self, of others and of groups† (p. 2).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Emotional intelligence specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More EI has significantly gained popularity in the world mainly because of its association with a person to manage his/her own emotions and handling other people. It is believed that people with high EI are not only good in knowing and understanding themselves, but are also able to sense and respect other people’s emotions. More to this, Serat (2009) argues that high EI people are more optimistic, affable and resilient than people who have lower EI. Over the years, analysts have drawn a fine distinction between Intelligence Quotient and Emotional intelligence while stating that people with high EI are able to cope and relate with others better than people who have high IQ but are devoid of high EI levels. Analysts agree that EI is important. However, they are yet to device ways through which IE can be measured. The different instruments available for measuring the same sometimes overlap or divulge thus making it hard for ordinary people to know just what is the appropriate tool of measurement (Cherniss Goleman, 2001). Admittedly, EI is a complex issue that has been the debate of numerous debates. One thing that analysts seem to agree on is the fact that EI is a combination of emotional and cognitive abilities. To this end, Goleman (1998) states that EI is the combination of â€Å"emotional centers of the brain (the limbic system) and the cognitive cent ers (prefrontal cortex)†. Cherniss Goleman (2001), states that EI provides a bedrock for effective performance by individuals in their respective places of work, thus encouraging development in any given society. In managers, the authors argue that high EI is a tool that enables conflict resolution to take place more easily and effectively that would be the case if the manager had low IE levels. According to Goleman (1998), EI has varied competencies, some which has a clear relation, while it is still unclear about how some of the competencies are related. The author suggests that self-awareness produces social awareness and self control. The two on the other hand are responsible for breeding social skills in a person.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to arguments presented by different authors, this essay holds the opinion that EI unlike IQ is not a pre-pro grammed quality in the brain. One gets the impression that some of the qualities of EI can be deliberately acquired. Mersino (2007) for example argues that getting in touch with one’s feeling is a good starting point to developing EI. Further, the author states that self-awareness can be learnt. This then means that a person with low EI can still work at developing the same to higher levels. In addition to self-awareness, Mersino (2007) suggests developing accurate self-assessment skills. This regards viewing one-self accurately and even seeking opinions regarding one’s behaviors from others. Citing Daniel Goleman, Mersino (2007) identifies self-assessing people as those who are conscious of their strengths and weakness; reflect and learn from past experiences; open to feedback, lessons, perspectives and beneficial comments; and possess a sense of humor towards their achievements and failings. Citing Gardner (1983), Goleman (1998) identifies seven categories of intelli gence. They are: Intrapersonal, interpersonal, bodily/kinesthetic, musical, visual/spatial, logical/mathematical and verbal/linguistic. Goleman (1998) however associates EI with emotional competence, which he argues is responsible for self-awareness, self-management, social awareness and relationship management. Under self awareness, a person develops emotional awareness, self-assessment skills and self-confidence. Under self-management, one gains emotional control, transparency, optimism, initiative, adaptability and transparency. Under social awareness, one develops service orientation, organizational awareness and empathy. Under relationship management, one is able to relate with others, develops conflict management skills, and is able to develop inspirational leadership skills, in addition to team working skills (Goleman et al, 2002). Ruderman et al. (2001) argues that while high IQ can result to high competencies, it does not automatically result in high EI. As such, the author s identify a need for highly intelligent people to develop their EI capabilities in order to be able to relate well with other people. Most notably, Ruderman et al. (2001) notes that people with high IQ levels are good performers at work, but rarely know how to relate with other people. Because of their skills and competencies, they look down on other people who are not as skillful as they are, and if put in managerial positions, are more likely to command people under them rather than create work teams where strengths can be shared. â€Å"Such characters make you wonder how people can be so smart, yet so incapable of understanding themselves and others† (p.3). According to Ruderman et al. (2001) emotional intelligence can not only be learnt, but can also be enhanced. They suggest that the first step to developing IE is coming to terms with ones emotions. The next step would be to deliberately guide thoughts and actions towards a particular identified path.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Emotional intelligence specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In management, Rudeman et al (2001) argues that EI has been in existence for much longer but was known as ‘peoples skills’. People’s skills were a management concept that was endorsed for use in managers, since analysts had proved that managers who possessed the same were more successful than those who did not. While the importance of intellect was not underrated in workplaces, the same in management positions was seen as a complementary attribute. According to Ruderman et al. (2001), a manager needs to engage other people in the management process. This calls for proper people engagement through talking and listening, influencing decisions and laying a good environment for consensus building. The manager is also responsible for putting people working under him or with him at ease. This however is closely related to the manager ’s happiness. If the manager is always angry, impatient and fails to understand other people’s positions, he or she is more prone to knee-jerk responses. This means he can be quick to anger and lashing out at other people. Generally, people who are self-aware have a better understanding of their strengths and weaknesses and are therefore more willing to seek assistance beyond their strengths. They also appreciate other people’s strengths and are more willing to chip in when others need help. Conclusion Emotional intelligence no doubts seem to be the missing link that would lead to success on a personal level as well as success in the workplace. No one wants to be around a person who cannot quite grasp the extent of his strengths and weaknesses. More to this, as much as people admire a skillful person, they detest such a person if he or she cannot pass on the skills to others or better still, a person who is patient with people who are not as equally gifted. As t he different authors covered in this essay agree, emotional intelligence is indeed the bedrock of better relationships. Once a person understands him/herself, he/she is able to know the limits of what he/she can do. More to this, he is able to respect others for what they can do. People with high EI are therefore easier to cope with, they are more willing to change and adapt to new environments and are more empathetic to other people’s causes. In an organizational setting, high EI people are relied upon as moderators and people who are capable of fostering good working relationships based on understanding. They are also able to foster harmony, continuity and stability.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More References Cherniss, C. Goleman, D. (2001). The emotionally intelligent workplace: how to select for, measure, and improve emotional intelligence in individuals, groups, and organizations. London: John Wiley Sons. Goleman, D. (1998). Working with Emotional Intelligence. NY: Random House. Goleman, D., Boyatzis, R. McKee, A. (2002). Primal leadership: Realizing the power of emotional intelligence. Boston: HBS press. Mersino, A. (2007). Emotional intelligence for project managers: the people skills you need to achieve outstanding results. New York: AMACOM Div American Mgt Assn. Ruderman, M., Hannun, K., Leslie, J Steed, J. (2001). Making the connection leadership skills and emotional intelligence. LIA journal. 21(5), 2-7. Serat, O. (2009). Understanding and developing emotional intelligence. Knowledge solutions, 49(1), 1-9.

Fashion Marketing Management - Hugo Boss Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Fashion Marketing Management - Hugo Boss - Essay Example The essay "Fashion Marketing Management - Hugo Boss" discovers the marketing and management in Hugo Boss. The brand of the company includes BOSS which is the core brand of the company and HUGO that is the trendy brand associated with BOSS. Consumer groups from different cultures and backgrounds are targeted by the company, where the customers are offered wide-ranging products including classic-modern business wear, elegant evening and relaxed casual fashion, shoes and leather accessories, licensed fragrances, eyewear, watches, children’s fashion and motorcycle helmets. The recognition of the company as one of the leading fashion houses in the world has been supported by the company’s exhaustive marketing activities and participation in funding of sport and other cultural events. The company has its focus not only on traditional practices of advertising and promotion, but it also experiments new marketing activities that are targeted towards its customer groups. The prod ucts of the company are made available in around 124 countries across the world. There are more than 6,100 selling points for the products of the company from where customers can avail them. The stores are maintained both by the group itself as well as by franchise partners. The success of the company can be reflected from the sales and performance of the company in the year 2012 that present positive results for the company supported by increasing sales figures. The increase in sales has been reported in all the regions.

Against super PACs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Against super PACs - Essay Example The next presidential election will be one like no one has ever seen before in terms of campaign funding and expenses. Even now, the GOP Presidential Primary races are already showing signs of how money will not be an object for their presidential candidate. This paper will delve into the committee's history and the reasons behind the public outcry against the existence of Super PACs. A Super PAC is an independent - expenditure only committee that has the legal power to raise unlimited sums of money in campaign contributions from individuals, corporations, unions, and other (lobbyist) groups. The committee was the result of a landmark Supreme Court Decision (Citizens United vs. Federal Election Committee) that dictated that campaign contributions to third party groups cannot be limited. The term Super PAC can be attributed to Eliza Newlin Carney, a reporter who worked for CQ Roll Call. She was the first person to have used the term Super PACs in the context of the word definition (We theimer, â€Å"Citizens United and Contributions to Super PACs: A Little History Is in Order†). Although Super PACs were not meant to openly support any single candidate, the committee has become a force to reckon with this campaign season. Its power and financial backing of particular candidates can be seen and felt in the negative ads that candidates like Mitt Romney have run, all amounting to tens of millions of dollars. That is one reason the public has come to reject the idea of the Super PACs. It has the turned the political campaign into a shallow, reality television, mud-slinging type of contest from which the candidates can never return. The ads being run in the newspapers, television, and radio stations cost these candidates and Super PACs money that could have been used for better political means such as contributions to charitable organizations by the candidates or their support groups on their behalf. That sort of act would have had a greater political impact upo n the voting public than an ad campaign explaining the ills of Newt Gingrich. Even more sickening, is the fact that most of the candidates will feign knowledge of participation in any negative campaign movements because of the independent nature of the Super PACs. The candidate can deny any involvement in the act all the while coordinating with his Super PAC under the radar of mass media. These negative campaigns leave the candidate free and clear of any involvement as all the Super PAC has to do is run the ad with a clear disclaimer absolving the candidate the ad supports of any wrong doing because the ad was not sanctioned by the candidate or political party. In other words, Super PACs gives a voice to people with money. All corporations that have money to give are giving millions and millions of dollars to the candidates across the board. Independent voters do not have that money to donate, so their candidates are not as prominent in terms of connecting with voters. Such is the e ffect of the Super PAC. It makes it seem like only certain candidates have a right to be in the political race because they are the ones with the (lobbyist group) backing and financing. However, ordinary citizens also find themselves scratching their heads in terms of wrapping their brains around the idea of a Super PAC not being a coordinated group founded by the political figure. Take for example the case of Newt Gingrich and the Winning Our Future group. Disclosures later in the campaign proved that he was the very person who founded the group and his close friend Becky Burkett worked for the group. His personal

Entrepreneurship in the Global Environment Essay

Entrepreneurship in the Global Environment - Essay Example Both for commercial and non-commercial purposes, internet media sites or companies, supported social media, have turned out to be giant multinational firms. Mark Elliot Zuckerberg is one, among the five skilful and innovative co-founders of Facebook. As recorded in April 2013, Zuckerberg had become the chief executive and the chairman of Facebook Inc. Thus, Zuckerberg is a corporate entrepreneur of the famous publicly traded company (in National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations). Zuckerberg is the living example that emphasizes the fact that a common student of Harvard University can actually be creative enough to promote such a famous company and acquire a net worth of about US $19 billion. Zuckerberg belonged to a middle income family in White Plains, New York. His mother was a psychiatrist and his father was a doctor. Right from his early age, he had special interest in computer related affairs. At the age of 12 years, he used the software of Atari BASIC to m ake a special message program named â€Å"Zucknet†. Despite his interest in computers, Zuckerberg had excelled in literature studies. In his school life, he had invented the special music software named â€Å"Synapse†. ... In his university life, Zuckerberg had introduced a special program named â€Å"CourseMatch†. This software helped the students to find their classes on the basis of the different selected sources. Later on, he even invented special software that was related to social networking. Finally, with the help of some of his friends, Zuckerberg invented the special software of Facebook within his university days. Overtime, this social network has become popular among millions of users, thereby turning Zuckerberg into a corporate business entrepreneur (Migliorisi and College, n.d.). According to the view of the researcher, Zuckerberg sets the best example of an entrepreneur. It is highly rational to analyze his entrepreneurial skills. Zuckerberg even possess high quality of personal skills. An entrepreneur would only be successful in the long run if he has good personal habits and knowledge. The above profile of the person explains that he has the best of knowledge and personal skills that are all required for an entrepreneur. He also possesses the crucial skill of effective communication which facilitates the promotion of his invention and creativity to millions of individuals today. Zuckerberg is a living legend in the business world and his contribution in the corporate, social and economic fields is priceless. Facebook, in the current epoch, is not only used for the purpose of social communication, but is also valid for the usage of business-to-business as well as business-to-consumer transactions. Zuckerberg is not only creative in nature, but is also a good leader in the industry. He is the best living example that enumerates the true power of human capital in the world. Similarly like economic capital, produced means of production, human

Causes of Childhood Obesity

Causes of Childhood Obesity Children and Obesity Contents (Jump to) Introduction: Thesis Statement: Analysis of the current situation: Increase in Inactivity: Major problem and treatment issues: Eating Habits: Pricing and unhealthy aspects of food: Lack of outdoor games: Parents Responsibility: Counter measurements: Conclusion: References: Introduction: The obesity in children is a serious contemporary problem that is a major problem at contemporary times and the role of parents in the problem is quite significant and hence the ideas are presented in the report which sheds light upon some minute and accurate causes to the escalation of these problems related to obesity in children, the responsibility of the parents also play a significant role in this domain. The tactical analysis and the outcomes are to be drawn from the facts which actually are the chief causes of the problem. The causes can readily be derived so as to the inactivity that has been the trend in the youth and owing to the present lifestyle that has been one of the main reasons specifically responsible for the decrease of the physical activity. The report hereby encloses the essentials facts that have been brought to the light as per the secondary analysis and library research of the situation regarding the infusion of the obesity rates in children. The causes are hence calibrated under specific categorical heads for the betterment of the understanding and development of a profound concept related to the establishment of findings and the conclusive arguments that are yielded has to be backed up by concrete affirmative arguments. The structure hence is adapted as after the introduction the section of analysis and critical evaluation of the directly related topics and the peripherals of the contextual topic is to be discussed in details followed by a tight and decisive conclusion. Thesis Statement: It has been fabricated so as to develop the role of the parents in which they fail to ensure the proper weight maintenance of their children; the ideas are also obligated by the fact that the lifestyle at present is also the key procedure that inflicts these effects. Secondly the taxation process of food items at contemporary times also causes mismanagement in manufacturing and also the use of cheap and highly fatty ingredients for the food manufactured to keep the costing and the revenue generation balanced. The obesity is one of the most serious problems that not only degrades the health but also aggravates a hefty treatment costs. Thus the idea or the thesis statements are presented. Analysis of the current situation: The section comprises of the critical evaluation of the issue of how obesity is induced in the children in contemporary times, then it also recommends decisive and consequential arguments for the consolidated recommendations to endure this crisis and improve the overall scenario. Thus the following heads are mandated. The privilege in the obesity factors of children had been a serious issue of concern for the world health scenario (Lifshitz, 2008). The section comprises upon the causes for the increase in the level of obesity of the children. The ideas are categorized under the three fundamental root causes that directly results into such a scenario. Increase in Inactivity: Major problem and treatment issues: The growth rate of obesity amongst children had been greatly triggered by the inactivity in the children which has been increased over the past few years of the orientation of the behavior and the lifestyles in the urban areas have mandatorily affected the physical activity of the children. The mental stress caused due to the pressure induced by the academics and the preferences of recreation such as video games and play stations have all the way more contributed to the effective attenuation of the physical activities and hence the ideas are to be mandated for the reverberation of such practices and hence this abrupt and ecstatic increase of lesser physical activity amongst the children have affectively resulted into an increased obesity rates amongst the children the ideas are hence established related to the first cause that is comprehended to be the most critical cause for the increase in obesity factor amongst the children. Moreover the additional hours of watching television als o lands a significant blow to the activity amongst the children and the idea can further be conceptualized regarding the evaluation of the facts that encircle as one of the significant causes of increase in the obese population all over the globe. The annual health report that is published by the World Health Organization explicitly contained that around 25 % of the obese children watch TV or play games for more that 4 to 5 hours a day and has been the victim of obesity. Eating Habits: Pricing and unhealthy aspects of food: The next section highlights the eating habits of the children. The idea is already consolidated that the eating habits has a direct relation to the health of the entire human and children are no exception. The growing popularity of the fast food and sweet desserts among the children are instigating the unhealthy eating habits and the resultant effect for this practice may readily be considered as that of the chief reason behind the abrupt increment in the obesity rates among the children. The idea can further be solidified that the advertisements and the alluring marketing stunts pulled by the fast food franchises and the sweetened food marketers are all the way increasing the urge among the children to consume such food and instigates the unhealthy eating habits. The implications of food and eating habits thereby cause a significant impact that readily catalyzes the obesity rates among the children. The idea for healthy food practice amplification is to be introduced amongst the children an inactive of which has been undertaken by the Kraft food by progressive advertisements and short films. Even as per the statistics it is seen that the food habits are the most important of all causes for obesity in children across the globe. The fast food consumption rates have also hiked owing to the nature of the availability, alluring taste and the lack of time in everyday life as well where the consumption of such oily and sweetened food readily amplifies the obesity quotient among the children. Lack of outdoor games: Parents Responsibility: The revolutionary advents in the technology have provided more alluring options for recreational purposes of the children and hence these days the children are more inclined towards playing games on phones, tablets, PlayStations and computers rather than the conventional outdoor games. The decrease in the safety also prevented the parents from encouraging the children to go out and play. All these had a combined effect upon the child psychology and hence have developed their keen inclination away from the outdoor games that had readily attenuated the daily exercising habits among the children infusing the obesity upon them. The lack of activity at the physical level for the children had been a serious concern of the authors and pediatricians in order to mandate the norms of healthy practices and the technical advancements and the ideal consideration of the fact that the degraded safety and the negative effects upon the children when exposed to the external environment have been acting as proactive reagents for the acceleration of the obesity rates amongst the children. The ideologies are hence to be adapted for the development of the proper tactical measures to initiate the awareness regarding the importance of daily physical activities. The parents are reluctant for this especially of the unsafe neighborhoods and the effects that it may wield upon the young minds and hence the activities for children in these days are restrained by the compelling issues that have been discussed explicitly in this section. Counter measurements: The section lays focus upon the counter measurements of the issues that has proactively aggravated the rates of obesity. The causes are mainly categorized as per the three distinct heads that contains the three chief reasons that has resulted into the obese nature of the children. The inactivity issue can be decreased by proper initiatives from the parents who should be a little strict in restraining the kids from watching television and all. The education system also has to revise the strategies accordingly for the development of the student activity. The ideas can be mandated for holding events necessarily in the domains of sports to enhance the physical activity. The schools should provide the secured environment for the tactical implementation of sports events to encourage physical activity. The idea for the contemplation of the unhealthy food habits can be effectively restricted by proper parenting. The ideas should be incorporated in the children in an attractive manner to develop awareness amongst the children regarding the manifestation of healthy eating habits. The essential nutrients are to be surely incorporated in the diets of the children, calcium and proteins are the most important of all in this context. The proper balanced diet is to be maintained in synch with the age of the child so as to mandate healthy eating habits. The parents should take the children to safe parks for proactive outdoor exposure and thereby ensure the adequate physical activity. Conclusion: On a more health or medical oriented note obesity disrupts the anaerobic respiration giving rise to breathing troubles, which cause disturbed heart condition, high blood pressure and blood sugar levels, (Daniels, et, al 2006). The cause for the obese nature in humans can be of diversified origins, the first being already discussed that are of the genetic implications in an individual that makes one host body tentatively obese. The other causes include the working habits, the food preferences (Kaufmann, Poznanski, and Guggenheim, 1975) such an inclination towards junk food and the development of a lousy habit of poor exercising by the masses, the stress build up may also be an additional cause (Dallman, 2010). Now days, owing to these reasons the obesity factor are one of the most prone prospects of health degradation. Thus the issues are readily needed to be addressed using tactical measurements to cause the realization of a centrally aware global health scenario. References: aappublications. (2014, May 01). Active Healthy Living: Prevention of Childhood Obesity Through Increased Physical Activity. Retrieved from aappublications: http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/117/5/1834.full CDC. (2014, December 11). Childhood Obesity Facts. Retrieved from cdc: http://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/obesity/facts.htm Kirkpatrick, K. (2014, February 23). 8 Things About You That Increase Your Childs Risk for Obesity and Unhealthy Eating Habits. Retrieved from huffingtonpost: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/kristin-kirkpatrick-ms-rd-ld/diet-and-nutrition_b_4827359.html?ir=India Lifshitz, F. (2008). Obesity in children. Journal of clinical research in pediatric endocrinology; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3005642/. Mitre, N., Lanningham-Foster, L., Foster, R., Levine, J. A. (2010, January 01). Pedometer Accuracy in children: Can we recommend them for our obese population? Retrieved from ncbi: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2678845/ nbcnews. (2005, October 25). Kid Obesity. Retrieved from nbcnews: http://www.nbcnews.com/id/9812095/ns/health-childrens_health/t/poll-lack-exercise-blamed-kid-obesity/ NHLBI. (2014, July 13). What Are Overweight and Obesity? Retrieved from nhlbi: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/obe/ webmd. (2015). Healthy Eating Habits for Your Child. Retrieved from webmd: www.webmd.com/children/guide/kids-healthy-eating-habits

Comparing the Struggle for Freedom in Adventures of Huckleberry Finn an

Struggle for Freedom in Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and Native Son Throughout history, great authors have served as sentinels for racism and prejudice in American society. The Mark Twain novel, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, a graphic story of 1840s America that depicts the plight of an uneducated black slave named Jim moved many to empathize with African-Americans. Compassion against the evils of slavery soon spread across the country. A war-torn America abolished slavery in 1865. However, Richard Wright’s 1940 novel, Native Son, a compelling story of the life and death of another black man, Bigger Thomas, makes a convincing argument that slavery in America was still very much alive during that period. Civil rights legislation and enforcement would not come until years later. A generation apart, Jim and Bigger embody the evolution of the black man struggling to be free in American society. On Twain’s Mississippi of the 1840’s, slaves are regarded more as property than human— there is no freedom for the black man. Jim is trapped in a society that trumpets racial hatred; for example, Huck’s father said, â€Å"they told me there was a state†¦where they’d let the nigger vote†¦I says I’ll never vote again† (Twain 35). Early in their travels, Jim and Huck mirror the chasm in black and white relations that plagues America at the time. Blinded by prejudice, Huck seems incapable of recognizing that, much like himself, Jim is scared and running from a life of few choices, towards a dream of independence. Instead, he can only see what society allows him to—the blackness of Jim’s skin. He is reluctant to be seen with Jim because he knows â€Å"People would call [him] a low-down Abolitionist and despise [him] for keeping mum† (50). Even afte... ...e and what kind of work he [can] do† (Wright 394). Bigger’s society collectively denies him freedom to better his life with â€Å"restrictions placed upon Negro education,† authorities â€Å"that make it plain in their every act that they mean to keep Bigger Thomas and his kind within rigid limits,† and real estate operators who have â€Å"agreed among themselves to keep Negroes within ghetto-areas of cities† (394). Unlike Jim, Bigger can’t escape his slavery by running to the free north. His slavery is all-encompassing. Jim only sees freedom at face value, so his can be achieved. He can only hope for freedom in its simplest form†¦ release from the physical shackles of slavery. Bigger’s freedom begins where Jim’s leaves off. Works Cited Twain, Mark. Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. New York: Harper & Row, 1885. Wright, Richard. Native Son. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1940.

Religion Christianity Essay

In relation to Mark 8:34, the teachings of Martin Luther, combined with the Sacrament of Baptism and the ethical application of Church teachings on bioethics, all represent the above sentiment. Significantly, Martin Luther, a fifteenth century German monk, set to right the path the church was leading its’ adherents – to help the members of the Church â€Å"take up [their] Cross† to â€Å"follow [Jesus]†. One of the major sacraments he fervently believed was necessary to â€Å"come after† Jesus is the Sacrament of Baptism, which is still applicable in the lives of Christians today. This sacrament, which invites the adherent into the ethical guidelines of the Church, is essential for the adherent as it enables them to â€Å"come after† Jesus through the practical application of his teachings through their lives. Thus, a combination of significant people, sacraments and ethics of Christianity all link to represent the sentiment in Mark 8:34. In the 15th Century, Martin Luther, a German Christian monk at the time, visited Rome and saw the corruption of the Church, denying adherents to â€Å"take up [their] cross†. Revolted, Luther wrote his first significant doctrine, the Disputation of the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences (1517), nailed to the Church door, was revolutionary in righting Church doctrine to allow adherents to â€Å"come after† Jesus. In the document, Luther preached that indulgences were a way by the corrupt Church to steal money of already poor people, for the already wealthy Papacy. Stating that the Church was manipulating the population by putting themselves between an individual of God, he preached against the corruptness, â€Å"In the absence of justice, what is sovereignty but organized robbery? (St Augustine). Instead, he preached his new theology, one which stuck a chord with many people as the writings spread due to the printing press. The teaching of, â€Å"The upright man finds life through faith† was the start of core teachings that would usurp Church doctrine by enabling the adherent to â€Å"deny himself, take up his cross and follow [Jesus]†. However, perhaps Luther’s most important document of all was conceived in 1522 – The German Translation of the Bible. This single document enabled the ordinary Christian adherent to follow Jesus as laid out in Mark 8:34. Through this, people could achieve â€Å"justification by faith alone† and was the medium through which an individual’s relationship with God could be achieved. The clergy and Church doctrine were no longer needed to guarantee the individuals advancement into heaven. The corrupt influence of the Church could be ceased as common people could now read teachings for themselves, instead of the illegible Latin text. By giving people the tool to follow Jesus into everlasting life, personal relationships with God could grow. This final text was the catalyst for the now known Protestant Reformation, inciting a rift against Protestants and Catholics that would shape the church doctrine and development up until the present day. One sacrament that Luther encouraged the Church to keep was the Sacrament of Baptism. This Sacrament essentially gives encouragement for the adherent to follow Jesus – to â€Å"take up his Cross† – through the promise of Salvation. This tool to heaven for adherents positively impacts upon adherents as it encourages them to live a life and â€Å"follow† the way Jesus preached it and develop a positive relationship with God and the community ad embrace the Grace they will receive. Significantly as well, the statement in the Bible by Mark, â€Å"he who believes and is baptised will be saved† (Mark 16:16), gives evidence to this sacred link between the sacrament of Baptism and salvation. This link, then, provides reason for adherents to live a good, fulfilling life in the eyes of Jesus and to â€Å"follow [Jesus]† teachings. Baptism is furthermore representative of Mark 8:34 as it initiates adherent rebirth into the Church to become part of the Body of Christ. The Christian community is the living Christ whose job is to spread the ‘good news’ – thus to â€Å"come after† Jesus and what he preached in his Ministry. The baptismal vows ask the candidate to ‘ever remain faithful to His Church’ and in doing so, one takes on the responsibility of being an active member of the community and to nurture the faith of others. Similarly, the community is sked to help foster the faith of those baptised and to reflect on their own beliefs and the way they â€Å"follow† Jesus. Candidates must live according to the laws and practices of the community in which they have been baptised into. In baptism, one affirms their faith in the principle beliefs of Christianity – essential in allowing the adherent to â€Å"deny himself, and take up his Cross, and follow [Jesus]. † This ideal of following Jesus, as communicated in Mark 8:34, is practiced in many ways by adherents; importantly through taking a Christian ethical stance on bioethical issues. The ethical teachings of Jesus not only guide the adherent to make the right decision about bioethical issues, but they also allow the adherent to choose the right path and â€Å"come after† Jesus. Agape, the love for friends as well as enemies, is one of the most influential ethical teachings. Exhibited in the Scripture in Matthew 5:43-44, â€Å"Love your enemies and pray for those whom persecute you† is a huge deciding factor in ethical decision making, taking into account this love for all humans – the application of which allows the adherent to â€Å"and take up his Cross, and follow [Jesus]. This application is evident through the Christian ethical stance on euthanasia. Very simply, the stance taken by Catholic, Orthodox and Uniting is influenced by a single Commandment, â€Å"Thou shalt not kill† (Exodus). There is a unified belief that euthanasia is wrong, as it breaches the guidelines of agape, and violates the other major ethical teachings of human dignity and humans made in the image of God. By applying this teaching of Jesus onto these bioethical issues, such as euthanasia, the adherent is allowed to â€Å"come after† Jesus and to follow him. Thus, the practices, teachings and significant idols of Christianity definitely represent the Mark 8:34 sentiment. From Luther’s righting of Church doctrine to allow adherents to â€Å"come after† and â€Å"follow† Jesus, to the encouragement to follow Jesus through the Baptism sacrament and the application of Jesus’ ministry through bioethics, the practices and teachings of Christianity fervently represent the above sentiment.

The Effects of Alcohol on Motor Skills. Essays

The Effects of Alcohol on Motor Skills. Essays The Effects of Alcohol on Motor Skills. Essay The Effects of Alcohol on Motor Skills. Essay Alcohol is a liquid distilled product of fermented fruits, grains and vegetables used as solvent. It is probably the most widely used and abused substance that requires the customers to be given age before it is sold or used but this is not always the case because the use of under age drinkers are on increase.Alcohol is also a central nervous system depressant which affects virtually every organ in the body and chronic use can lead to numerous preventable diseases including alcoholism. Examples of Alcohol Vodka, whiskey, Beer.Alcoholism- Is a illness involving the excessive use of alcoholic beverages such as Vodka it is an addiction to the substance found in alcoholic drink called â€Å"ethanol† which is a psychoactive agent that affect the central nervous system of a human being. Ref. Martin et al 2007.Substance Abuse – Is a phrase being used by psychologist to refer to someone who poses a treat to himself or other people. People that drink and drive under the influenc e of alcohol area treat to themselves and others.Neuron activity in the brain controls one’s behavior, the use of alcohol controls the neuron activity, which now becomes suppressed by excessive use of alcohol,The drinker becomes less active, relaxed, and more outgoing. The motor skill co-ordination have now being impaired by this substance (alcohol), and the drinker will experience difficulty thinking straight, and clearly the more the alcohol consumed the further the impairment of the neuron activity in the brain, which eventually lead to loss of activity, memory loss, control of movement (Stritzke et al 1996).statistics have shown that the numbers of male drinkers are higher than the female drinkers by a ratio of five to one (Lauer 1989), as cited by Martin et al 2007.National data also shows alcohol related illness such as cirrhosis, and head/neck cancer are in the increase in the U.K, and E.U. (fact sheet Alcohol consumption harm in the U.K E.U, London IAS, 2003)This is what prompted us to ask the question!!!At what degree can alcohol impair an individuals motor skill abilities?Method of Background theory.The objective of this research was to test cognitive, and motor skills were not equally sensitive to a moderate dose of alcohol.20 male participants between the ages of 18-30, yrs were divided into 2 groups of 10. 60 male participants aged between 18-30, yrs were divided into 4 groups of 14. Al participants were healthy social drinkers, and randomly chosen from a group of volunteers from a university psychology dept. All participants performed a motor skill task with Pursuit Rotor, and Rapid Information Processing tasks.All participants attended a drug free task practice session where in the test was explained,and they completed a Drinking Habit Questionnaire to highlight any existing drinking problems.All participants were then asked to do the PR, ; then the RIP test 4 times in succession with 3 minute intervals of rest between each set of tasks . This was done to establish that results from the real tests could be attributed to the affect of alcohol on performance, and not unfamiliarity with the test content.All participants fasted for 4 hrs ; had no alcohol for 24 hrs. They were called in 1 to 10 days later for the â€Å"treatment session†, and all had to give breath samples to verify zero Blood Alcohol Concentrations (BAC).After this participants performed both PR ; RIP tasks to provide a drug free baseline with which to compare results from PR ; RIP tasks performed under the influence of alcohol.The participants were given 1 to 2 ratio of alcohol ; placebo ; carbonated mix, depending on which groups they have been allocated.The difference on experiment 1 ; 2 are that the participants in experiment 2 were being told that if they got the same score as the baseline score they would receive cash for the test. Pursuit Rotor (PR) Task consisted of a computer, monitor, and mouse on a tabletop, 75 cm above the floor. The participants sat in a chair directly in front of a computer screen that displayed a rectangular track (14 cm by 11.5 cm), and an on screen target (diameter = 1.3 cm) that moved at 23 rpm clockwise around the track. They tracked the target by moving a computer mouse to control an on screen circular cross-hair (diameter 1.3 cm), and were instructed to keep the cross-hair over the rotating target as long as possible during a test. One test consisted of three 50 second trials separated by a 20 second between-trial interval. The computer measured performance as a percentage of time on target during each test.Rapid Information Processing Task is a self-paced computerized task measures the rate of information processing. Participants sat in front of a computer screen while a fixed pseudo random sequence of 250 digits consisting of the numbers 1 to 8 was presented on the computer monitor. The entire sequence contained 11 triads of even digits, and 10 triads of odd digits. The yellow digits were 11.5 cm by 6 cm in size, and were presented one at a time on a blue background.Participants simply rested a finger on the #1 key on the computer number pad, and were told to press the key whenever they say any 3 consecutive even digits or any 3 consecutive odd digits. They were told to try to attain the highest digit presentation rate possible by correctly identifying as many of the digits triads as they could.The initial digit presentation rate was 90 digits per minute, and each correct response to a triad increased the speed of digit presentation by decreasing the inter stimulus interval (ISI) by 33 ms. A failure to respond to a triad, a correct response to triad after the next digit in the sequence had been presented or a response to a non-triad slowed the presentation rate by increasing the ISI by 33ms.The computer measured an individual’s rate of information processing by the mean number of digits presented per minute during a 5 minute test with greater digits per minute indicating faster information processing.In both experiments there was no significant difference in the results. It made no difference that in experiment 2 they were giving cash as an incentive.The conclusion (results) of this study indicates how disagreement over the sensitivity of cognitive, and motor skills to a moderate dose of alcohol may occur when impairment is only assessed at some particular BAC’s.;Method of my written proposalI will like my study to be conducted in Lab conditions.The participants would be psychology students from the University of East London, and would be over the legal age limit to consume alcohol.They must be social or regular drinkers.Participants would be randomly selected.I will apply the between test, there will be two groups.The independent variable would be one group receiving two drinks of 2.5 mils vodka mixed with 2.5 mils carbonated water, whilst group two would receive two drinks of 2.5 milscarbonated water, but the glass would b e sprayed with alcohol to give a strong alcoholic scent.The Dependant variable would be a test called the Rapid Information Processing Task Test.This test is a computerized test which is self paced. It measures the rate of information processing, and would last for five minutes.On the screen would appear a sequence of 250 digits. Participants would have to sit in front of the computer, and simply press the number one key whenever they saw any three consecutive even or odd digits at any time. Their aim is to achieve the highest digit presentation rate by identifying three consecutive digits.MaterialsThe materials to be used for this study is Laboratory, The participants are Undergraduate psychology students, computer, Vodka, Carbonated water and alcohol.ProcedureEthical Considerations.All participants to complete a general questionnaire, form and signed consent.We will seek to obtain approval from University of Human Research.Participants will be informed of their right to withdraw f rom the study at any time.Experiment to take place in Lab conditions.All personal information would be kept confidential, locked away, and password protected.Participants to be debriefed after experiment.ReferencesAlcohol Consumption and harm in the U.K and EU.(2003). London, IAS, Fact Sheet.Fogarty, N. J., ; Voget-Sprott, M. (2002). Cognitive processes and motor skills differ in sensitivity to alcohol impairment. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 63, 404-411.Martin, N. G., Carlson, R. N., ; Buskist, W. (2007). Psychology. (3rd ed), England, Pearson Education Limited.

Compare and Contrast Essay Sample on Macbeth and Wuthering A Literature Analysis

Compare and Contrast Essay Sample on Macbeth and Wuthering A Literature Analysis Example Essay on Macbeth and Wuthering: Macbeth and Catherine are two characters from the books Macbeth and Wuthering heights respectively. The two characters have some similar characteristics like the many conflicts they have in their life. Macbeth faces difficulty when he is trying to kill his friend Duncan. His wife urges him to do it. Duncan is a good soldier with a good character. The death of Duncan would hurt many people. This makes it hard for him to kill his friend. His wife tells him he will leave him if he does not kill him. He finally agrees to do it. His conflict with himself does not leave him in peace. He finally decides to deal with it in the after life. Macbeth feels forced to pick between his friend and his wife and finally picks his wife. This is evident when he says â€Å"It were done quickly. If the assassination Could trammel up the consequence, and catch, With his surcease, success; that but this blow Might be the be-all and the end-all -here, But here, upon this bank and shoal of time, We’ld jumps the life to come. But in these cases We still have judgment here that we but teach Bloody instructions, which being taught return To plague the inventor.† Catherine on the other hand also faces conflict with herself. She is not sure whether to marry Edgar or Heathcliff. Her desire for power and luxury finally forces her to marry the distinguished Edgar. Heathcliff is disappointed and goes away for three years. The urge for wealth and power awakens when she visits the Lintons for the first time. She describes Heathcliff as a poor man with no manners. â€Å"Heathcliff is: an unreclaimed creature, without refinement, without cultivation; an arid wilderness of furze and whinstone â€Å"Catherine Both statements show the desire and the will of the characters to get ahead in life. The theme of power displays itself in both plays. Macbeth desires to be King and Catherine to be wealthy. Macbeth is a man who is not sure of his actions. He constantly seeks the council of his wife before making a decision. He tells his wife that he is disturbed about the act of killing his friend. His wife tells him not to think about evil thoughts. He washes his hands after killing his friend Duncan. His wife persuades him that this will make him feel clean. (act two scene two Steppd in so far that, should I wade no more, Returning were as tedious as go oer: Strange things I have in head, that will to hand; Which must be acted ere they may be scannd. At the beginning of scene five in act three, Macbeth begins to act strangely during the dinner. He claims to see the ghost of Banquo. His wife comes to his rescue and tells him to sit because the ghost is not present .He fights with his conscience over killing his friend. Catherine place of burial displays a lot of conflict. She lays to rest near the moor between Edgar and Heathcliff. This symbolizes her conflict with the two men. She constantly betrays her husband by retaining her friendship with Heathcliff. Her husband is always jealous. Isabella often feels anger because she knows of Catherine’s affair with her husband. She extends this conflict up to her after life. Nelly describes this in chapter XVI. She says Catherine lies â€Å"In a corner of the kirkyard, where the wall is so low that heath and bilberry plants have climbed over it from the moor.† These two statements show how Macbeth will not rest until he kills all those in his way. The statement by Nelly shows how even at rest Catherine still wants to have both men. The moor is the place where she loved to play with Heathcliff.

The impact of smoking amongst 13-19 year old Caucasian boys in the Uk Research Paper

The impact of smoking amongst 13-19 year old Caucasian boys in the Uk - Research Paper Example One of the major problems with the delivery of care and services to this group is that, policy makers view the adolescent group as a part of the wider children’s group, which is completely flawed. The DH/CF & M (2010) explained the case of the teenagers group in the UK, as being a forgotten class in society, caught between childhood and adulthood; the space between the two is filled with professional centers of influence and bureaucratic obstructions. For this group, tobacco smoking is one of the major avoidable causes for untimely death, and further health complications for this group (Warren et al, 2006). The studies done in the area, among developing and also developed countries like the UK have shown that there is a high prevalence of smoking in this group. Many of the adult smokers in society report that they started smoking, during their adolescent years, or later as young adults (Dearden et al., 2007). A report by the office of the national statistics showed that 22 percent of the youths between the ages of 16 and 19 in the UK had started smoking (Fuller, 2011). Through this study, the author will explore the factors that influence the uptake of smoking among the youth, and also discuss the impacts of smoking among the people aged between 13 and 19 in the UK, with the aim of developing solutions to the pressing problems caused by the behavior, among the group. The current research aims to expose the impacts of smoking amon g the Caucasian teenage boys aged between the ages of 13 and 19 years of age, which can help in addressing the factors behind the increasing levels of smoking. The extensiveness of this research project will be hindered by the limited time available for study and also the limited budget allocated for financing it. DH/CF & M (2010) emphasizes that policy makers and health personnel in the UK

Cover Memo for two messages attached Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Cover Memo for two messages attached - Assignment Example For instance, ethical and logical appeals was created when I used the statement ‘We are a team of 55 marketing and media and professionals, and ‘Provide us with approximately 5o rooms and 2 conference rooms.’ These enabled us to captivate the attention of our audience to actually believe in us as credible persons who were serious about visiting the facility. Besides, I used the strategy of first person narration. As part of the team making inquiry, I had to speak on behalf of my team. Thus, I often used ‘I’, ‘we’ and ‘us’ appropriately. This made it much easier for me to communicate my message and appeal to my audience. Meanwhile, in Message 5, I used the strategy of courtesy when addressing my audience. This simply means the use of polite language in my communications. Even if the message was being written as protest of a poor quality work done to us, I decided to humble myself before my audience. These were evidenced in statements such as ‘We felt fortunate for your company to install an iron gate for one of our business tenants,’ ‘We were glad to transact with your company as it had provided us with a one year warranty for the gate’ and ‘We kindly ask you to send your team to inspect the gate and remedy the problem as soon as possible.’ I had to opt for this strategy because it convinces the audience. Indeed, it made me to win the confidence and attention of my audience whose services would be essential to us. On the other hand, I used appropriate vocabularies in my message. As a business communication, I knew that I would have to use terms and jargons such as transact, warranty, inspect and remedy. Their relevance made to be up to the context of my